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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 1, 2025

An Anesthesia, Surgery, and Harvest Method for the Evaluation of Transpedicular Screws Using an In Vivo Porcine Lumbar Spine Model
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Relationship between thread depth and fixation strength in cancellous bone screw.

Aorigele Yu1, Shinji Imade1, Satoshi Furuya2

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Shimane, Japan.

Journal of Orthopaedic Science : Official Journal of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association
|August 11, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Screw thread depth significantly impacts fixation strength in cancellous bone models. Optimal pull-out strength is achieved with thread depths up to 0.4 mm, with minimal gains beyond this point.

Keywords:
Cancellous bone screwInsertion torquePull-out strengthScrew thread depth

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic biomechanics
  • Biomaterials engineering
  • Surgical implant design

Background:

  • Screw design is crucial for fixation strength in orthopedic applications.
  • Understanding screw parameter effects is vital for developing effective bone screws.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between thread depth and fixation strength of metal screws for cancellous bone.
  • To determine how thread depth influences pull-out strength and insertion torque.

Main Methods:

  • Manufactured nine screw types varying only in thread depth (0.1-0.4 mm increments).
  • Tested screws in foam blocks of two densities (10 and 20 pcf) to simulate cancellous bone.
  • Measured pull-out strength and insertion torque for each screw type and density.
  • Analyzed correlations using single regression analysis.

Main Results:

  • Pull-out strength increased significantly with thread depth up to 0.4 mm, then plateaued.
  • Insertion torque showed a similar trend to pull-out strength.
  • Insertion torque was more sensitive to thread depth changes than pull-out strength.

Conclusions:

  • Cancellous bone screw pull-out strength exhibits a biphasic response to thread depth.
  • A thread depth of 0.4 mm represents a critical threshold for maximizing fixation strength.
  • Beyond 0.4 mm, further increases in thread depth yield diminishing returns on pull-out strength.