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Protocol for Assessing the Relative Effects of Environment and Genetics on Antler and Body Growth for a Long-lived Cervid
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Physical Traits and Reproductive Measurements Associated with Early Conception in Beef Replacement Heifers.

Megan S Hindman1, Brian Huedepohl2, Grant A Dewell1

  • 1Veterinary Department of Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010, USA.

Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI
|August 12, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Selecting replacement heifers based on physical traits like pelvic width and average daily gain can improve pregnancy rates. This research identifies key factors for enhancing beef heifer reproductive success and reducing subfertility.

Keywords:
beef heiferreplacement heiferreproductive tract score

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Science
  • Reproductive Biology
  • Beef Cattle Production

Background:

  • Replacement heifers represent a significant capital investment for beef producers.
  • Identifying and eliminating subfertile heifers before breeding is crucial for economic viability.
  • Previous research has explored various factors influencing heifer reproductive performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze physical characteristics and management practices impacting beef heifer pregnancy and conception timing.
  • To quantify the influence of specific traits on artificial insemination (AI) and natural service pregnancy rates.
  • To identify predictive indicators for selecting heifers with superior reproductive potential.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of four years of data from a centralized beef heifer development yard.
  • Utilized logistic regression models to assess risk factors for conception and pregnancy.
  • Investigated associations between physical measurements (e.g., pelvic width, weight) and reproductive outcomes.
  • Examined the impact of age at entry, average daily gain, and year on pregnancy success.

Main Results:

  • Age at entry, average daily gain (ADG), pelvic width, and year were associated with conception to AI (p < 0.05).
  • ADG, weight at breeding, weight at pregnancy diagnosis, and age at AI were significantly linked to overall pregnancy.
  • Reproductive tract score showed no significant association with any analyzed reproductive variables.
  • Physical measurements offer potential for improved heifer selection.

Conclusions:

  • Specific physical characteristics and growth metrics are valuable predictors of reproductive success in beef heifers.
  • Management practices and measurements like pelvic width and ADG can aid in selecting fertile heifers.
  • Further refinement of selection criteria based on these findings can optimize herd reproductive efficiency.