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Defining Terms Used for Animals Working in Support Roles for People with Support Needs.

Tiffani J Howell1, Leanne Nieforth2, Clare Thomas-Pino3,4

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Animal support roles have confusing terminology. This paper defines nine terms, including assistance animal and therapy animal, recommending phasing out "skilled companion animal" and "service animal" to reduce ambiguity.

Keywords:
assistance animalcompanion animaleducational support animalemotional support animalfacility animalhuman–animal interactionservice animaltherapy animalvisiting animal

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Area of Science:

  • Anthrozoology
  • Animal-assisted interventions
  • Human-animal interaction

Background:

  • Nomenclature for animals supporting people is often ambiguous.
  • Confusion exists among researchers, practitioners, and end users regarding animal roles.
  • Clear definitions are needed due to legal protections and funding associated with certain animal roles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide operationalized definitions for nine terms related to animals working with people.
  • To clarify distinctions between terms like "assistance animal", "therapy animal", and "service animal".
  • To address nomenclature confusion impacting various stakeholders globally.

Main Methods:

  • Workshops involving over 100 delegates at International Society for Anthrozoology (ISAZ) conferences in 2018 and 2020.
  • An iterative process was used to define and differentiate nine key terms.
  • Expert consensus and collaborative refinement of definitions.

Main Results:

  • Operationalized definitions were established for nine terms: "assistance animal", "companion animal", "educational/school support animal", "emotional support animal", "facility animal", "service animal", "skilled companion animal", "therapy animal", and "visiting/visitation animal".
  • Key differences and overlaps between these terms were elucidated.
  • Recommendations were made to phase out "skilled companion animal" and "service animal" due to terminological overlap.

Conclusions:

  • Standardized definitions are crucial for clear communication and accurate application of animal support roles.
  • Phasing out ambiguous terms like "skilled companion animal" and "service animal" can mitigate confusion.
  • The proposed definitions offer a framework for global application, impacting policy and practice.