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The Role of PTEN in Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition

Olga Fedorova1, Sergey Parfenyev1, Alexandra Daks1

  • 1Institute of Cytology RAS, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia.

Cancers
|August 12, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog (PTEN) is a key tumor suppressor gene that regulates the PI3K/AKT pathway. This review explores PTEN's role in cancer, focusing on how it suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog (PTEN) is a critical tumor suppressor gene.
  • PTEN acts as the primary negative regulator of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway.
  • Inactivation of PTEN is common in many cancers, leading to pathway hyperactivation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of PTEN in malignant tumor development.
  • To focus on PTEN's regulation of the PI3K/AKT pathway in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).
  • To systematize current knowledge on PTEN's tumor suppressive functions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of published research.
  • Analysis of PTEN's involvement in cancer signaling pathways.
  • Focus on PTEN's impact on EMT regulation.

Main Results:

  • PTEN inactivation is linked to hyperactivation of the PI3K/AKT pathway.
  • The PI3K/AKT pathway drives cell proliferation and is crucial in tumor growth.
  • PTEN suppresses EMT, a process vital for cancer metastasis, though mechanisms require further elucidation.

Conclusions:

  • PTEN plays a significant role in suppressing tumor development and metastasis.
  • Understanding PTEN's regulation of EMT is crucial for developing targeted cancer therapies.
  • Further research into PTEN's precise mechanisms in EMT is warranted.
Keywords:
association of PTEN expression and EMTlncRNAs and PTENmolecular crosstalk between EMT-controlling transcription factors and PTENregulation of miRNAssignaling networks of PTEN and EMT

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