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Implementation of Disassembler on Microcontroller Using Side-Channel Power Consumption Leakage.

Daehyeon Bae1, Jaecheol Ha2

  • 1School of Cybersecurity, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.

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|August 12, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a Side-Channel-Based Disassembler (SCBD) to recover IoT device instructions using power consumption analysis. The SCBD effectively bypasses hardware security, enabling firmware analysis even with restricted debuggers.

Keywords:
Internet of Thingshardware securitymachine learningside-channel analysisside-channel-based disassembler

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Area of Science:

  • Cybersecurity
  • Embedded Systems Security
  • Hardware Hacking

Background:

  • The proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices, driven by 5G technology, introduces significant security vulnerabilities.
  • Firmware dumping is a critical step in hardware hacking, often protected by manufacturers through measures like restricting hardware debuggers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a Side-Channel-Based Disassembler (SCBD) capable of recovering IoT device operating instructions from side-channel signals.
  • To demonstrate the effectiveness of SCBD in bypassing common firmware protection mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Constructed instruction templates considering microcontroller (MCU) pipelines via instruction sequence analysis.
  • Preprocessed side-channel signals using Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) for noise reduction.
  • Utilized Kullback-Leibler Divergence (KLD) for extracting instruction features.

Main Results:

  • Achieved high accuracy in recovering operating instructions: 91.9% for ATxmega128 and 98.6% for STM32F0.
  • Demonstrated successful cross-board validation with accuracies of 77% and 96.5%.

Conclusions:

  • The developed SCBD effectively recovers MCU instructions using power consumption side-channel analysis.
  • SCBD presents a powerful tool to overcome firmware protection, posing a significant threat to IoT device security.