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Two-Stage Channel Estimation for Semi-Passive RIS-Assisted Millimeter Wave Systems.

Chengzuo Peng1, Honggui Deng1, Haoqi Xiao1

  • 1School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Lushan South Road, Changsha 410083, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 12, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel two-stage protocol for efficient channel estimation in reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) assisted millimeter Wave (mmWave) systems. The proposed method significantly reduces pilot overhead while enhancing estimation accuracy and spectral efficiency.

Keywords:
channel estimationmultiple-input multiple-outputreconfigurable intelligent surfacesemi-passive

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Area of Science:

  • Wireless communication systems
  • Signal processing
  • Electromagnetics

Background:

  • Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) assisted millimeter Wave (mmWave) systems face challenges with high pilot overhead due to exponentially increasing channel coefficients with RIS elements.
  • Existing channel estimation algorithms improve accuracy but remain pilot-intensive, hindering practical deployment.
  • Efficient channel estimation is crucial for optimizing performance in mmWave communication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel two-stage channel estimation protocol for RIS-assisted mmWave systems.
  • To reduce pilot overhead while improving channel estimation accuracy.
  • To enhance the spectral efficiency of mmWave communication systems.

Main Methods:

  • A two-stage protocol exploiting semi-passive elements and channel coherent time difference.
  • Stage 1: Base Station (BS)-RIS channel estimation using an iterative weighting method and gradient descent (GD) algorithm.
  • Stage 2: User Equipment (UE)-RIS channel estimation by transforming the signal model into a parallel factor (PARAFAC) tensor model and applying the least-squares (LS) algorithm.

Main Results:

  • The proposed method demonstrates superior estimation accuracy compared to LS, compression sensing (CS), and minimum mean square error (MMSE) methods.
  • The protocol achieves significantly reduced pilot overhead.
  • Spectral efficiency is improved by at least 10.5% compared to existing methods.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed two-stage channel estimation protocol effectively addresses the pilot overhead challenge in RIS-assisted mmWave systems.
  • The method offers a practical solution for improving both estimation accuracy and spectral efficiency.
  • This work contributes to the advancement of efficient mmWave communication technologies.