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Surgical coronary revascularization in patients with COVID-19; complications and outcomes: A retrospective cohort

Aryan Ayati1,2, Kaveh Hosseini1, Alireza Hadizadeh2

  • 1Tehran Heart Center Research Institute, Tehran Heart Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran.

Health Science Reports
|August 12, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in COVID-19 patients leads to longer hospital and ICU stays, increased ventilation time, and more postoperative complications. While mortality was higher, it was not statistically significant.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a significant comorbidity in COVID-19 patients.
  • Nonelective coronary artery revascularization, including CABG, poses substantial risks for individuals with COVID-19.
  • Understanding risk factors and outcomes is crucial for managing these high-risk patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the prognosis of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery in patients diagnosed with COVID-19.
  • To compare outcomes and complications between COVID-19 positive and negative patients undergoing urgent/emergent CABG.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective cohort study involving 171 patients who underwent urgent/emergent CABG between March 2020 and September 2021.
  • Patients were categorized into COVID-19 positive (Case) and COVID-19 negative (Control) groups.
  • Demographic, clinical features, complications, and outcomes were compared between the two groups.

Main Results:

  • The COVID-19 group (62 patients) showed a higher prevalence of hypertension (64.5% vs. 43.1%).
  • Significantly longer hospital stays, ventilation times, and ICU stays were observed in COVID-19 patients.
  • Postoperative complications such as stroke, atrial fibrillation, pleural effusion, blood transfusion, and inotrope use were more frequent in the COVID-19 group. Mortality rates were higher but not statistically significant (OR 1.53, p=0.44).

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19 infection is associated with significantly prolonged hospital stays, ventilation, and ICU utilization post-CABG.
  • Patients with COVID-19 undergoing CABG experience a higher incidence of various postoperative complications.
  • Although mortality rates were elevated in COVID-19 patients, the difference did not reach statistical significance in this cohort.
Abstract

Keywords:
coronary artery bypass graftingcoronavirus disease (COVID‐19)severe acute respiratory coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV2)

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