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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 1, 2025

Exploring Infant Sensitivity to Visual Language using Eye Tracking and the Preferential Looking Paradigm

Exploring Infant Sensitivity to Visual Language using Eye Tracking and the Preferential Looking Paradigm

Published on: May 15, 2019

Visual Occipito-Temporal N1 Sensitivity to Digits Across Elementary School.

Gorka Fraga-González¹, Sarah V Di Pietro^1,2, Georgette Pleisch^1,2

¹Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience

|August 12, 2022

Summary

Visual number processing, measured by the visual N1 brainwave, shows early and stable development in children. This differs from letter processing, suggesting unique pathways for math and reading skills.

Keywords:

ERP arithmetic skills development number processing numeracy occipito-temporal cortex visual N1

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Last Updated: Sep 1, 2025

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Published on: January 29, 2014

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Developmental Psychology
Cognitive Science

Background:

Number processing is vital for academic success.
Early specialization of the ventral occipito-temporal cortex (vOTC) for visual number processing is key for math skills.
Understanding the developmental trajectory of visual number processing is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the developmental course of visual N1 sensitivity to number processing in children.
To examine how this sensitivity changes from kindergarten to fifth grade.
To compare the developmental trajectory of number processing with that of letter processing.

Main Methods:

Utilized electroencephalography (EEG) to measure the visual N1 component, an indicator of vOTC activation.
Tracked 62 children longitudinally and cross-sectionally from kindergarten to fifth grade.
Employed a target detection task with visual stimuli including digits, false fonts, and letters.

Main Results:

Found persistent visual N1 sensitivity to digits across all five time points (kindergarten to fifth grade).
Observed stronger N1 response to digits than false fonts and letters (except at one time point).
Correlated lower arithmetic skills with stronger left-hemisphere N1 digit sensitivity in second grade.

Conclusions:

Visual N1 sensitivity to digits is present early and remains stable throughout elementary school.
This developmental pattern for number processing is distinct from the transient sensitivity observed for letters.
Suggests unique developmental trajectories for visual processing of numerical and alphabetical characters.