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Updated: Sep 1, 2025
A Multi-detection Assay for Malaria Transmitting Mosquitoes
Published on: February 28, 2015
Detection and Co-occurrence of kdr (F1534C and S989P) Mutations in Multiple Insecticides Resistant Aedes aegypti
Ifeoluwa Kayode Fagbohun1,2, Tolulope Amos Oyeniyi1, Emmanuel Taiwo Idowu2
1Molecular Entomology and Vector Research Laboratory, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria.
Abstract:
The outbreak of yellow fever virus transmitted by Aedes aegypti has been of major concern in Nigeria, this mosquito also transmits several other arboviruses globally. The control of many vectors of mosquito-borne diseases relies heavily on the use of insecticides. Therefore, constant monitoring of insecticide resistance status and associated mechanisms is crucial within the local mosquito population. Here, we determined the resistance profile of adult Ae. aegypti from Majidun and Oke Ota communities, Ikorodu Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria to different classes of insecticides using WHO procedures. The resistant phenotypes of Ae. aegypti were screened for the presence of kdr mutations F1534C, S989P, and V1016G, which have been implicated in insecticide resistance in yellow fever vectors. A high level of resistance to DDT and pyrethroids was recorded in Ae. aegypti in this study, although possible resistance to deltamethrin, one of the pyrethroids was reported in one of the locations. Resistance to bendiocarb was recorded in the Majidun community while Ae. aegypti in both locations were susceptible to malathion. The presence of F1534C mutation associated with DDT and deltamethrin resistance in Ae. aegypti population, and the presence of S989P mutation were detected singly and in co-occurrence with F1534C for the first time in Africa, while V1016G mutation was not detected in this study. The role of these mutations in resistance phenotype expressed in Ae. aegypti in larger populations needs to be established.
Insights
Insecticide resistance in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in Nigeria is high for DDT and pyrethroids. New kdr mutations (F1534C, S989P) were found, crucial for understanding yellow fever vector control.
Area of Science:
- Medical Entomology
- Molecular Entomology
- Public Health Entomology
Background:
- Aedes aegypti mosquitoes transmit yellow fever virus and other arboviruses, posing significant public health concerns in Nigeria.
- Insecticide resistance monitoring in mosquito populations is essential for effective disease vector control strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the insecticide resistance profile of Aedes aegypti in Lagos State, Nigeria.
- To investigate the presence of kdr mutations (F1534C, S989P, V1016G) associated with insecticide resistance in this vector population.
Main Methods:
- Adult Aedes aegypti were collected from Majidun and Oke Ota communities in Ikorodu, Lagos State, Nigeria.
- Insecticide resistance was assessed using standard World Health Organization (WHO) bioassays.
- Genomic DNA was analyzed to detect specific kdr mutations.
Main Results:
- High resistance levels to DDT and pyrethroids were observed in Aedes aegypti populations.
- Resistance to bendiocarb was noted in Majidun, while susceptibility to malathion was found in both locations.
- The F1534C and S989P kdr mutations were detected for the first time in Africa, individually and together; V1016G was absent.
Conclusions:
- The study highlights significant insecticide resistance in Nigerian Aedes aegypti, impacting vector control efforts.
- The newly identified kdr mutations (F1534C, S989P) are important genetic markers for insecticide resistance in African populations.
- Further research is needed to confirm the role of these mutations in the broader Aedes aegypti populations and inform control strategies.
