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Related Experiment Video

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Non-Invasive Modulation and Robotic Mapping of Motor Cortex in the Developing Brain
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Self-modulation of motor cortex activity after stroke: a randomized controlled trial.

Zeena-Britt Sanders1, Melanie K Fleming1, Tom Smejka1

  • 1Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.

Brain : a Journal of Neurology
|August 12, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Stroke survivors used real-time functional MRI neurofeedback to increase motor cortex activity. This training improved gross hand motor skills and altered white matter structure in the corticospinal tracts.

Keywords:
motor cortexneurofeedbackreal-time fMRIstrokewhite matter

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Stroke often leads to motor impairment due to altered brain activity patterns, specifically decreased motor cortex laterality.
  • Real-time functional MRI (fMRI) neurofeedback offers a potential avenue for individuals to self-modulate brain activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if chronic stroke survivors can use real-time fMRI neurofeedback to enhance motor cortex activity laterality.
  • To assess the impact of this neurofeedback on motor performance and brain structure/function post-stroke.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trial involving 24 chronic stroke survivors with upper limb impairment.
  • Participants underwent three days of either real or sham fMRI neurofeedback training.
  • Brain structure, function, and upper-limb motor performance were assessed before and after training.

Main Results:

  • Stroke survivors successfully increased motor cortex activity laterality within training days using real neurofeedback (P = 0.019).
  • No significant group difference was observed in overall Jebsen Taylor Test (JTT) performance (P = 0.116).
  • The real neurofeedback group showed improvements in gross motor JTT subtasks (P = 0.010) and decreased white-matter asymmetry in corticospinal tracts (P = 0.008).

Conclusions:

  • Real-time fMRI neurofeedback is a feasible method for stroke survivors to self-modulate motor cortex activity.
  • The training demonstrated potential benefits for gross hand motor function and induced structural brain changes, specifically in white matter tracts.
  • Further research may explore optimizing neurofeedback protocols for broader motor recovery in stroke rehabilitation.