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The gender and age differences of persons with suicidal behavior
E S Nosova1, B A Spasennikov2, O Yu Aleksandrova2
1N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, 105064, Moscow, Russia, nosova.evgenya@lenta.ru.
Summary
This study found no gender differences in suicidal behavior but identified key age-related risks. Younger individuals (5-19) showed more suicidal ideation, while adults (25-44) had higher rates of suicidal attempts and self-harm.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Suicidal behavior is a significant public health concern.
- Understanding demographic variations in suicidal behavior is crucial for targeted prevention strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze gender and age differences in suicidal behavior.
- To identify specific age intervals with elevated risks for suicidal ideation versus attempts and self-harm.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 435 hospital records from Kaluga Regional Psychiatric Hospital (2017-2018).
- Statistical analysis using Microsoft Excel, Yule's coefficient, Pearson's contingency coefficient, Pearson's χ2 test, and Student's t-test.
- Categorization of hospitalizations into suicidal ideation and suicidal attempt/self-harm with suicidal intentions.
Main Results:
- No statistically significant gender differences were observed in suicidal manifestations.
- Distinct age-related patterns emerged: suicidal ideation was more prevalent in the 5-19 age group.
- Suicidal attempts and self-harm with suicidal intentions were more common in the 25-44 age range.
Conclusions:
- Age, not gender, appears to be a significant factor differentiating types of suicidal behavior presentation.
- Findings highlight the need for age-specific interventions for suicidal behavior prevention.
- This research contributes to public health theory by informing targeted suicide prevention efforts.
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