Mixed lichen planus-lupus erythematosus disease

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Immunodermatology
• Pathology

Background:

• Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease.
• Lichen planus is an inflammatory condition affecting skin and mucous membranes.
• Distinguishing between overlapping conditions is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

Observation:

• Two patients presented with clinical symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus.
• Lesions included centrally ulcerated hypertrophic plaques and lip involvement.
• Histological examination revealed features characteristic of both lupus erythematosus and lichen planus.

Findings:

• Biopsies showed increased acid mucopolysaccharides and thickened basement membranes, indicative of lupus erythematosus.
• Deposition of immunoglobulins and fibrinogen was observed, a finding common in lupus erythematosus but also seen in lichen planus.
• The histological data supported a potential overlap or mixed disease process.

Implications:

• The findings suggest a possible new disease entity, potentially termed "mixed lichen planus–lupus erythematosus disease".
• Further research is warranted to understand this overlapping condition.
• Accurate classification is essential for appropriate patient management and therapeutic strategies.