Graphene oxide promotes V-Cu-Ce-ZSM-5 to catalyze SO2 and NO at low temperature: performance and mechanism

A catalyst (V-Cu-Ce-ZSM-5) was explored to simultaneously remove the SO₂ and NO_x from flue gas by use of the ZSM-5 molecular sieve as the carrier, V and Cu as the active components, and Ce as the additive in low temperature of 150 °C. The performance of V-Cu-Ce-ZSM-5 was evaluated for the oxidation of NO and SO₂ before and after the addition of graphene oxide (GO). The results showed that V-Cu-Ce-ZSM-5@GO0.5 had the best performance at a reaction temperature of 150 °C, and the oxidation efficiency of SO₂ and NO was 94.60% and 83.64%, respectively. The multiple structural characterizations (BET, SEM, Raman, XRD, and XPS) revealed that the loading of V and Cu with the additive Ce expanded the specific surface area and pore volume of ZSM-5, provided more adsorption sites for SO₂ and NO, and had good desulfurization and denitration activity. The addition of GO further improved the dispersibility of active components and auxiliaries, increased the number of active sites in the reaction process, and significantly improved catalytic activity.