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Corneal irregularity and visual function using anterior segment optical coherence tomography in TGFBI corneal
Yuito Abe1,2, Takashi Omoto3, Kohdai Kitamoto1
1Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
Scientific Reports
|August 12, 2022
Summary
This study found that corneal irregular astigmatism worsened in granular corneal dystrophy (GCD) and lattice corneal dystrophy (LCD) eyes. While visual acuity was linked to these changes in LCD, it was not significantly associated in GCD.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Corneal Diseases
- Biomedical Optics
Background:
- Granular corneal dystrophy (GCD) and lattice corneal dystrophy (LCD) are inherited conditions causing corneal opacities.
- Irregular astigmatism is a common visual complication in these dystrophies.
- Understanding corneal topography changes is crucial for managing visual acuity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate corneal irregular astigmatism in patients with GCD and LCD.
- To compare corneal topographic components between patients and healthy controls.
- To investigate the relationship between corneal components and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA).
Main Methods:
- Utilized anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) for corneal topographic data.
- Applied Fourier harmonic analysis to decompose topographic data into four components.
- Compared these components between 70 GCD eyes, 35 LCD eyes, and 81 control eyes.
- Assessed the correlation between corneal components and BCVA.
Main Results:
- Both GCD and LCD eyes showed increased anterior and posterior corneal components.
- Specific components (GCD2, LCD1 anterior, LCD 3A posterior, LCD4 posterior) were significantly elevated.
- BCVA was significantly associated with anterior and posterior components in LCD, but not in GCD.
- Positive correlations were found between BCVA and specific anterior/posterior components in LCD subtypes (LCD1, LCD3A, LCD4).
Conclusions:
- Corneal topographic components are altered in GCD and LCD compared to controls.
- While visual acuity is linked to these changes in LCD, this association is not significant in GCD.
- Corneal irregular astigmatism significantly impacts visual acuity in lattice corneal dystrophy.
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