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Cardiovascular Risks and Outcome in COVID-19 Positive Patients With Cardiovascular Disease Attending Primary Health
Maktoum Abdul Azeez1, Abdul Hakeem Hamza1, Mohamed Ali Kalathingal1
1Al Waab Health Center, Primary Health Care Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
Insights
Patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) hospitalized with COVID-19 face increased risks. Age over 70 significantly elevates the risk of hospital admission for these patients.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease (CVD) exhibit elevated risks of morbidity and mortality when diagnosed with COVID-19.
- This study investigates the specific risks and outcomes for COVID-19 patients with CVD within Qatar's primary healthcare settings.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine if cardiovascular disease (CVD) exacerbates the risk of hospitalization and subsequent complications in patients diagnosed with COVID-19.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective cohort study was conducted.
- Data from 10,178 COVID-19 positive patients with CVD were analyzed from electronic medical records between February 1, 2020, and December 31, 2020.
- Multivariate analysis identified factors associated with inpatient admissions.
Main Results:
- The study included 10,178 COVID-19 patients with CVD, with a median age of 50.83 years; 64% were male.
- The most prevalent comorbidities were diabetes (69.6%), hypertension (68.4%), and dyslipidemia (45.1%).
- Patients over 70 years old had a 2.8 times higher risk of hospital admission compared to those aged 25-30 years.
Conclusions:
- Pre-existing cardiovascular disease (CVD), in conjunction with advanced age and other comorbidities, significantly predicts the risk of hospitalization and complications in COVID-19 patients.
- Further research is recommended to explore long-term cardiovascular outcomes in COVID-19 survivors, utilizing data from both primary and secondary care.
Background:
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) are at a higher risk of morbidity and mortality. This study describes the risks and outcome in COVID-19 patients with CVD attending Primary Health Care Corporationsettings in Qatar.
Objective:
To report whether CVD increases the risk for hospitalization and further complications in COVID-19 patients.
Methods:
Retrospective cohort study.
Results:
A total of 10,178 CVD patients' data who tested positive for COVID-19 were extracted from electronic medical records on the basis of inclusion criteria and analyzed during the period of February 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020 (11 months). Among the patients included in the study, 64% (n=6527) were men and 36% (n=3651) were women; 23% (n=2299) were Qataris and 77% (n=7879) were non-Qataris. Among the selected age group of greater than 25 to less than 75 years, the median age was 50.83 years. More than half of the patients had diabetes (69.6%; n=7086) followed by hypertension (68.4%; n=6965) and dyslipidemia (45.1%; n=4590). Other comorbidities were obesity (18.3%; n=1862), kidney disease (6.5%; n=659), hematologic problems (4.2%; n=425), liver disorders (1.4%; n=142), rheumatic heart disease (1.3%; n=131) and neurologic symptoms (1.3%; n=128). Multivariate analysis for factors associated with inpatient admissions in last 28 days for patients with CVD reported that patients with age greater than 70 years are 2.8 (1.86-4.18) times higher risk of hospital admission as compared with the patients 25-30 years of age.
Conclusion:
The pre-existing CVD with age and other comorbidities predict the risk for hospitalization and further complications in patients with COVID-19. Further studies are needed to investigate the data from primary and secondary care about the long-term cardiovascular outcomes of patients who have survived COVID-19.
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