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Earth-shaking J. LEAGUE supporters.

Suguru Yabe1, Kiwamu Nishida2, Shinichi Sakai2

  • 1Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 7, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8567 Japan.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Seismic waves generated by jumping soccer fans were recorded and analyzed. Their frequencies matched jumping rhythms, showing seismometers can monitor collective human activity and improve urban subsurface models.

Keywords:
Human activityJ. LEAGUESeismic wave propagationShallow subsurface structureUrban seismology

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Area of Science:

  • Seismology
  • Human-induced seismicity
  • Urban geophysics

Background:

  • Collective human activities, such as crowd jumping, generate detectable seismic waves.
  • Understanding seismic wave propagation in urban environments is crucial for subsurface modeling.
  • Existing seismic networks can potentially capture these human-induced signals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate seismic wave excitation and propagation from crowd-induced actions at a stadium.
  • To analyze the relationship between crowd jumping rhythms and seismic signal frequencies.
  • To assess the utility of human-induced seismic signals for validating subsurface structural models.

Main Methods:

  • Temporary seismic observations during a J. LEAGUE game at Hitachi-Kashiwa Soccer Stadium.
  • Analysis of audio data to characterize supporter jumping rhythms.
  • Comparison of seismic records with audio data and synthetic waveforms derived from 1D subsurface models (J-SHIS).

Main Results:

  • Characteristic seismic frequencies were integer multiples of supporter jumping rhythms, validating a loading model.
  • Seismic wave propagation analysis using deconvolved waveforms and polarization.
  • A combined shallow and deep layer subsurface model showed better agreement with observed travel times and amplitude decay than a deep-layer-only model.

Conclusions:

  • Seismometers can effectively monitor collective human activities.
  • Human-induced seismic signals can serve as artificial sources for validating and improving shallow subsurface structural models in urban areas.
  • While J-SHIS models provide a good baseline, 3D structures and topography are needed for complete explanation.