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Streptococcus pneumoniae interactions with the complement system.

Eliza Gil1, Mahdad Noursadeghi1, Jeremy S Brown2

  • 1Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom.

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
|August 15, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The complement system is crucial for fighting Streptococcus pneumoniae infections. Bacteria evade complement through various mechanisms, but understanding strain variations in complement sensitivity remains limited.

Keywords:
Streptococcus pneumoniaecomplement - immunological termsimmune evasioninnate immunitystreptococcal infections

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Host immunity against Streptococcus pneumoniae relies heavily on the complement system.
  • Deficiencies in complement components increase susceptibility to invasive pneumococcal infections.
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae activates complement via classical, mannose-binding lectin, and alternative pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanisms of complement activation and evasion by Streptococcus pneumoniae.
  • To investigate the role of complement in mucosal immunity to pneumococcal infections.
  • To understand variations in complement sensitivity among different Streptococcus pneumoniae strains.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on complement-pathogen interactions.
  • Analysis of complement activation pathways initiated by Streptococcus pneumoniae.
  • Examination of bacterial evasion strategies, including capsular serotypes and surface proteins.

Main Results:

  • Complement activation by Streptococcus pneumoniae involves multiple pathways and leads to opsonization and phagocytosis.
  • The bacterium employs diverse mechanisms, such as its capsule and pneumolysin, to evade complement.
  • Significant variations exist in complement sensitivity among pneumococcal strains, correlating with invasiveness.

Conclusions:

  • The complement system is essential for controlling Streptococcus pneumoniae infections, with key roles in opsonization and phagocytosis.
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae has evolved sophisticated strategies to counteract complement-mediated immunity.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand the determinants of complement sensitivity variation in Streptococcus pneumoniae.