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Sarcoidosis - A review article.

C Sreeja¹, A Priyadarshini², Premika¹

¹Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology : JOMFP

|August 15, 2022

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Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disease often affecting the lungs. This review covers its pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnostic methods including biomarkers, and current treatment strategies.

Area of Science:

Immunology
Pulmonology
Pathology

Background:

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disease of unknown etiology.
It commonly affects the lungs and lymphatic systems, presenting diagnostic challenges due to asymptomatic cases and its nature as a diagnosis of exclusion.
Clinical features can mimic other conditions like tuberculosis.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a comprehensive overview of sarcoidosis.
To discuss the etiopathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and diagnostic advancements.
To outline current and potential treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on sarcoidosis.
Analysis of immunological and histopathological findings (noncaseating granulomas).

Keywords:

Asteroid bodies Schaumann bodies glucocorticoids granulomatous kveim-slitzbach skin patch test sarcoidosis

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Evaluation of updated diagnostic approaches, including biomarker detection.

Main Results:

Sarcoidosis is characterized by noncaseating granulomas.
Early detection is often delayed due to asymptomatic presentation.
Glucocorticoids are a primary treatment, but further research is needed.

Conclusions:

Sarcoidosis requires thorough differential diagnosis.
Advancements in diagnostics, such as biomarkers, are crucial for early detection.
Further research into pathogenesis and improved treatments is essential for sarcoidosis management.