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Biosensor for Detection of Antibiotic Resistant Staphylococcus Bacteria
Published on: May 8, 2013
Evaluation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus virulence genes and antibiotics susceptibility in Iranian
Shahnaz Armin1, Abdollah Karimi1, Zahra Pourmoghaddas1,2
1Pediatric Infections Research Center, Research Institute for Children Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Background:
Methicillin resistance Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one most important pathogens for human health. The ability of this organism for producing different kinds of disease is related to its virulence gene. The frequency of hemolysin alpha (hla), hemolysin beta (hlb), and exfoliative toxin A (eta) virulence genes of MRSA was evaluated, and the association of these genes with antibiotics susceptibility was investigated.
Materials And Methods:
In a cross-sectional study, a total of 695 Staphylococcus clinical samples from seven different provinces of Iran were evaluated. MRSA was detected by cefoxitin disk. Virulence genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction. Susceptibility to clindamycin and ciprofloxacin was evaluated according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guideline.
Results:
From a total of 695 samples, 170 (24.46%) were found to be MRSA. 142, 82, and 132 samples of MRSA were hla, hlb, and eta positive, respectively. hla gene was significantly found more frequently in patients at least 18 years (P = 0.02). 105 (68.6%) and 93 (59.6%) of MRSA samples were resistance to ciprofloxacin and clindamycin, respectively. hlb gene was significantly more resistant to clindamycin (P = 0.04) and ciprofloxacin (P = 0.01). Logistic regression analysis displayed hlb-positive MRSA strains were significantly associated with ciprofloxacin (odds ratio [OR]: 3.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.637-8.00) and clindamycin (OR: 1.93, 95% CI 1.00-3.68).
Conclusion:
MRSA strains from Staphylococcus aureus which isolated from hospitalized Iranian patients are significantly resistant to clindamycin and ciprofloxacin and it is may be because of hlb virulence gene. These samples consist of both community-acquired MRS) and health-care associated MRSA, so we could not use this finding as a guide for local antibiotics usage.
Insights
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Iran shows high resistance to clindamycin and ciprofloxacin, linked to the hlb virulence gene. This finding highlights the need for careful antibiotic use in healthcare settings.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Clinical Research
Background:
- Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a significant human pathogen.
- Virulence genes contribute to MRSA's pathogenicity.
- Understanding MRSA virulence factors and antibiotic resistance is crucial for public health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the frequency of hemolysin alpha (hla), hemolysin beta (hlb), and exfoliative toxin A (eta) virulence genes in MRSA.
- To investigate the association between these virulence genes and antibiotic susceptibility in MRSA isolates from Iran.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study analyzed 695 Staphylococcus clinical samples from Iran.
- MRSA identification was performed using the cefoxitin disk method.
- Virulence genes (hla, hlb, eta) were detected via polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
- Antibiotic susceptibility to clindamycin and ciprofloxacin was assessed.
Main Results:
- Out of 695 samples, 170 (24.46%) were identified as MRSA.
- The prevalence of hla, hlb, and eta genes was 142, 82, and 132, respectively.
- MRSA isolates showed high resistance rates to ciprofloxacin (68.6%) and clindamycin (59.6%).
- The hlb gene was significantly associated with increased resistance to both clindamycin (P=0.04) and ciprofloxacin (P=0.01).
Conclusions:
- MRSA strains from Iranian hospitalized patients exhibit significant resistance to clindamycin and ciprofloxacin.
- The hlb virulence gene may play a role in this observed antibiotic resistance.
- The study included both community-acquired and healthcare-associated MRSA, limiting direct guidance for local antibiotic usage.
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