Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 1, 2025

Cell-free Biochemical Fluorometric Enzymatic Assay for High-throughput Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation in High Density Lipoprotein
07:29

Cell-free Biochemical Fluorometric Enzymatic Assay for High-throughput Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation in High Density Lipoprotein

Published on: October 12, 2017

9.4K

High HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein) Cholesterol Increases Cardiovascular Risk in Hypertensive Patients

Valentina Trimarco1, Raffaele Izzo2, Carmine Morisco2,3

  • 1Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry (V.T., A.F.), "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy.

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)
|August 15, 2022
PubMed

Insights

High and low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) are linked to increased cardiovascular risk in hypertensive men. Medium HDL-C levels appear most protective, suggesting a U-shaped association.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Lipid Metabolism
  • Hypertension Research

Background:

  • Emerging evidence links elevated high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) to increased mortality.
  • The specific relationship between HDL-C levels and cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients remains under-investigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between HDL-C levels and the risk of cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients.
  • To determine if HDL-C levels exhibit a U-shaped or other nonlinear relationship with cardiovascular outcomes in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 11,987 hypertensive patients from the Campania Salute Network, followed for 25,534 person-years.
  • Patients categorized into low (<40 mg/dL), medium (40-80 mg/dL), and high (>80 mg/dL) HDL-C groups.
  • Statistical analysis, including spline analysis, adjusted for potential confounders to assess cardiovascular event risk.

Main Results:

  • A total of 245 cardiovascular events were recorded.
  • Significantly increased cardiovascular event risk observed in both low and high HDL-C groups compared to the medium HDL-C group.
  • A nonlinear U-shaped association between HDL-C levels and cardiovascular outcomes was identified; this was not observed in female patients.

Conclusions:

  • A U-shaped association exists between HDL-C levels and cardiovascular event risk in hypertensive male patients.
  • Both very low and very high HDL-C levels may confer increased cardiovascular risk in hypertensive men, with medium levels being potentially optimal.
Abstract

Keywords:
cholesteroldyslipidemiasheart disease risk factorshydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitorshypercholesterolemiapopulationsex characteristics

More Related Videos

High-throughput Nitrobenzoxadiazole-labeled Cholesterol Efflux Assay08:18

High-throughput Nitrobenzoxadiazole-labeled Cholesterol Efflux Assay

Published on: January 7, 2019

9.1K
Hydra, a Computer-Based Platform for Aiding Clinicians in Cardiovascular Analysis and Diagnosis07:51

Hydra, a Computer-Based Platform for Aiding Clinicians in Cardiovascular Analysis and Diagnosis

Published on: September 26, 2018

7.7K

Related Concept Videos

Atherosclerosis III: Management01:26

Atherosclerosis III: Management

Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
30
Hypertension II: Pathophysiology01:29

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology

Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
61
Coronary Artery Disease IV: Preventive Measures01:26

Coronary Artery Disease IV: Preventive Measures

Effective preventive measures for coronary artery disease (CAD) focus on controlling modifiable risk factors, including cholesterol abnormalities and lifestyle changes.Cholesterol ManagementFirst, the Mediterranean diet and the American Heart Association advocate for maintaining low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels below 100 mg/dL, with a more stringent recommendation of below 70 mg/dL for individuals at high risk. LDL cholesterol, often termed "bad cholesterol," can lead to the...
31
Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:30

Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
46
Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System III: Serum Lipid Profile01:25

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System III: Serum Lipid Profile

Understanding serum lipids is crucial for maintaining cardiovascular health and preventing heart disease and stroke.
Serum lipids are fats and fatty substances in the blood and are crucial for various bodily functions, including energy storage, cellular structure, and hormone production. Serum lipids consist of cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids.
Cholesterol is a soft, fat-like substance found in all body cells. It is crucial for producing hormones, vitamin D, and substances that aid...
276
Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
48