The new endocrine WHO classification: What does this mean for thyroid cytology?

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Pathology
• Oncology

Background:

• The World Health Organization (WHO) regularly updates classifications for endocrine tumors.
• Thyroid pathology is a dynamic field with evolving diagnostic criteria.
• Accurate classification is crucial for patient management and treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To summarize the most relevant updates in thyroid pathology from the new WHO classification.
• To provide guidance for cytopathologists encountering these changes.
• To enhance diagnostic accuracy in thyroid fine needle aspiration (FNA) and biopsy interpretation.

Main Methods:

• Review of the latest World Health Organization (WHO) classification of endocrine tumors.
• Focus on changes specifically impacting thyroid gland pathology.
• Identification of key updates pertinent to cytopathological assessment.

Main Results:

• The new WHO classification introduces revised terminology and diagnostic criteria for various thyroid lesions.
• Specific updates impact the understanding and classification of follicular cell-derived nodules and carcinomas.
• New insights into molecular markers and their integration into thyroid tumor classification are highlighted.

Conclusions:

• Cytopathologists must familiarize themselves with the updated WHO classification for endocrine tumors.
• These changes will influence diagnostic reporting and potentially patient care pathways.
• Adoption of the new classification ensures standardized and contemporary practice in thyroid pathology.