[Expert consensus on surgical treatment of tongue squamous cell carcinoma]

The annual incidence of oral cancer in the world is more than 300 000, and the five-year survival rate is 50%~60%. Every year, 145 400 people died due to tongue cancer, of which tongue cancer accounts for nearly 40%. Although tongue cancer has tumor heterogeneity and individual differences in prognosis, surgery is still the first choice for the treatment of tongue cancer. The effect of tongue cancer surgery can directly determine the survival time of patients. The defect caused by tongue cancer surgery seriously affects the patients' physical functions such as appearance, language, chewing and swallowing. The surgical treatment of tongue cancer with functional reconstruction can improve the quality of life of patients. In the past few decades, genomics has enhanced understanding of tongue cancer. The preclinical tumor model preserves the tumor heterogeneity, which has a great application prospect in the discovery of tumor biomarkers and the clinical translation of drugs. Many advances have been made in the diagnosis and treatment of tongue cancer, but there are still many controversies in clinical practice. Therefore, this expert consensus summarizes the progress and controversial hot spots of surgical diagnosis and treatment of tongue cancer, mainly including preoperative diagnosis and evaluation, surgical treatment points and postoperative functional rehabilitation.