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Particles in a solid are tightly packed together (fixed shape) and often arranged in a regular pattern; in a liquid, they are close together with no regular arrangement (no fixed shape); in a gas, they are far apart with no regular arrangement (no fixed shape). Particles in a solid vibrate about fixed positions (cannot flow) and do not generally move in relation to one another; in a liquid, they move past each other (can flow) but remain in essentially constant contact; in a gas, they move...
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Measuring the Densities of Aqueous Glasses at Cryogenic Temperatures
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Liquid-like atoms in dense-packed solid glasses.

C Chang1,2, H P Zhang1, R Zhao1,2

  • 1Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

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|August 15, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Scientists discovered that fast relaxation in metallic glasses is due to liquid-like atoms diffusing in string-like motions. This finding reveals new insights into glass dynamics and properties at room temperature.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Understanding the microscopic structure and dynamics of glasses is a persistent scientific challenge.
  • Current models describe glasses as having 'soft zones' within a rigid matrix, but a fast relaxation process remains unexplained.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the underlying physics of the recently observed fast relaxation process in glasses.
  • To integrate experimental and simulation data for a comprehensive understanding of glass dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized extensive dynamic experiments.
  • Employed advanced computer simulations.
  • Combined both experimental and computational approaches.

Main Results:

  • Identified fast relaxation as string-like diffusion of liquid-like atoms inherited from high-temperature liquids.
  • Observed that some atoms in metallic glasses exhibit liquid-like diffusion even at room temperature.
  • Experimentally determined a viscosity as low as 10^7 Pa·s for these atoms.

Conclusions:

  • The study reveals a novel mechanism for fast relaxation in glasses.
  • Findings extend the current microscopic understanding of glass solids.
  • Provides a basis for establishing the dynamics-property relationship in glasses.