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Correlation between human development index and its components with COVID-19 indices: a global level ecologic study
Alireza Mirahmadizadeh1, Mousa Ghelichi-Ghojogh2, Mohebat Vali2
1Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
BMC Public Health
|August 15, 2022
Summary
The Human Development Index (HDI) correlates with COVID-19 outcomes. Higher HDI is linked to increased case and death rates but decreased case fatality and improved recovery rates, potentially due to better surveillance in developed nations.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
- Socioeconomics
Background:
- COVID-19 remains a global public health challenge.
- Understanding factors influencing COVID-19 spread and impact is crucial for healthcare systems.
- The Human Development Index (HDI) reflects socioeconomic status and well-being.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the correlation between the Human Development Index (HDI) and key COVID-19 epidemiological indicators.
- To analyze the relationship between HDI components and COVID-19 incidence, mortality, testing, case fatality, and recovery rates.
Main Methods:
- Ecological study design utilizing country-level data.
- Analysis of COVID-19 epidemiological data alongside HDI and its components.
- Correlation coefficients and scatter plots were employed to assess relationships.
Main Results:
- A positive correlation was observed between HDI and cumulative COVID-19 case incidence, death incidence, and tests performed (p < 0.001).
- Higher HDI and components like literacy and Gross National Income (GNI) showed a negative correlation with Case Fatality Rate (CFR).
- Increased HDI and components such as literacy and life expectancy were negatively correlated with COVID-19 recovery rates.
Conclusions:
- The Human Development Index (HDI) significantly influences the epidemiological landscape of COVID-19.
- Rising HDI is associated with higher case and death rates but lower CFR and better recovery.
- Socioeconomic factors captured by HDI may impact reporting and surveillance systems, influencing observed correlations.
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