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Updated: Sep 1, 2025
Design and Implementation of an fMRI Study Examining Thought Suppression in Young Women with, and At-risk, for Depression
Published on: May 19, 2015
Prefrontal cortex activities during verbal fluency and emotional words tasks in major depressive, adjustment, and
Toshio Matsubara1, Chong Chen1, Masako Hirotsu1
1Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan.
Background:
It can be difficult to differentiate psychiatric disorders from depressive states, with little knowledge on how to differentiate them. This study aimed to evaluate changes in brain activity during cognitive and emotional tasks in patients with depressive state to help with differential diagnoses.
Methods:
Sixty-two patients with depressive states [17 with adjustment disorder (AD), 27 with major depressive disorder (MDD), and 18 with bipolar disorder (BD)] and 34 healthy controls (HC) were recruited. We used a verbal fluency task (VFT) and emotional word tasks with happy and threat words. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy measured the relative change in oxygenated hemoglobin in the frontotemporal areas.
Results:
During the VFT, patients with AD or MDD showed significantly reduced activation in the bilateral frontotemporal region (all p < 0.01), whereas patients with BD demonstrated significantly reduced activation in the right frontotemporal areas compared to HC (p < 0.01). During the emotional words task with happy words, patients with MDD showed significantly increased activity in the frontopolar area compared to HC (p = 0.023). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that MDD or BD was significantly associated with brain activity during the happy word task. In distinguishing MDD or BD from HC, the happy words task performed equally well, with an area under the curve of 0.70.
Limitations:
All study patients were taking psychotropic drugs.
Conclusions:
Brain activation in response to a combination of cognitive or emotional stimuli could assist in distinguishing patients with depressive states from healthy controls.
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