Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

705
Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
705
Anatomy of the Eyeball01:20

Anatomy of the Eyeball

7.5K
The eye is a spherical, hollow structure composed of three tissue layers. The outer layer — the fibrous tunic, comprises the sclera — a white structure — and the cornea, which is transparent. The sclera encompasses some of the ocular surface, most of which is not visible. However, the 'white of the eye' is distinctively visible in humans compared to other species. The cornea, a clear covering at the front of the eye, enables light penetration. The eye's middle...
7.5K
Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways01:22

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

6.4K
At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
6.4K
The Retina01:32

The Retina

69.7K
The retina is a layer of nervous tissue at the back of the eye that transduces light into neural signals. This process, called phototransduction, is carried out by rod and cone photoreceptor cells in the back of the retina.
69.7K
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

534
In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
534
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

632
Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
632

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

GCIPL color coding on OCT predicts glaucoma conversion in normal-tension glaucoma suspects, including a high myopia subgroup.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Microvasculature recovery in lamina cribrosa and peripapillary sclera after glaucoma surgery and its impact on visual field progression.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

Impact of Myopia on the Utility of the Photopic Negative Response Ratio for Glaucoma Assessment.

Journal of clinical medicine·2025
Same author

Nationwide cohort study of primary open angle glaucoma risk and cardiovascular factors among in Korean glaucoma suspects.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

Risk of depression in glaucoma patients with vision impairment: A nationwide cohort study.

Heliyon·2025
Same author

Clinical characteristics of disc hemorrhages depending on their locations and glaucoma progression in myopic patients.

Scientific reports·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 1, 2025

Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential
07:11

Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential

Published on: May 25, 2020

6.5K

Intereye structure-function relationship using photopic negative response in patients with glaucoma or glaucoma

Jihye Lee1, Seong Ah Kim1, Jiyun Lee1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-ku, Seoul, 137-701, Korea.

Scientific Reports
|August 16, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Photopic negative response (PhNR) in electroretinogram analysis effectively correlates with structural eye damage in glaucoma patients. This finding supports PhNR as a valuable tool for assessing glaucoma progression, particularly in early stages.

More Related Videos

Full-Circle Cauterization of Limbal Vascular Plexus for Surgically Induced Glaucoma in Rodents
10:10

Full-Circle Cauterization of Limbal Vascular Plexus for Surgically Induced Glaucoma in Rodents

Published on: February 15, 2022

1.5K
A Model of Glaucoma Induced by Circumlimbal Suture in Rats and Mice
07:00

A Model of Glaucoma Induced by Circumlimbal Suture in Rats and Mice

Published on: October 5, 2018

10.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 1, 2025

Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential
07:11

Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential

Published on: May 25, 2020

6.5K
Full-Circle Cauterization of Limbal Vascular Plexus for Surgically Induced Glaucoma in Rodents
10:10

Full-Circle Cauterization of Limbal Vascular Plexus for Surgically Induced Glaucoma in Rodents

Published on: February 15, 2022

1.5K
A Model of Glaucoma Induced by Circumlimbal Suture in Rats and Mice
07:00

A Model of Glaucoma Induced by Circumlimbal Suture in Rats and Mice

Published on: October 5, 2018

10.6K

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy characterized by vision loss.
  • Assessing the structure-function relationship is crucial for monitoring glaucoma.
  • Photopic negative response (PhNR) is an electroretinogram (ERG) parameter reflecting inner retinal function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the intereye structure-function relationship in glaucoma patients using PhNR.
  • To determine the correlation between PhNR and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thickness.

Main Methods:

  • Electroretinogram (ERG) analysis was performed using a RETI-scan device.
  • PhNR was elicited using a red stimulus on a blue background.
  • Intereye comparisons were made between better and worse eyes based on RNFL thickness measured by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

Main Results:

  • PhNR amplitude was significantly lower in worse eyes compared to better eyes (P < 0.001).
  • Intereye differences in PhNR amplitude correlated significantly with intereye differences in average RNFL thickness and average/minimum GCIPL thickness.
  • In early-stage glaucoma (mean deviation ≥ -6 dB), PhNR differences strongly associated with RNFL and GCIPL thickness differences.

Conclusions:

  • PhNR demonstrates a robust intereye structure-function association in glaucoma patients.
  • PhNR is particularly effective in detecting structural-functional changes in early glaucoma.
  • PhNR shows promise as a clinical tool for glaucoma assessment and monitoring.