Carbapenemase Inhibitors: Updates on Developments in 2021

Area of Science:

• Microbiology
• Infectious Diseases
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Carbapenem resistance is a growing global health threat, complicating treatments for hospital-acquired infections.
• The emergence of carbapenemase-producing pathogens necessitates novel therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the latest advancements in carbapenemase inhibitors.
• To summarize their spectrum of activity and developmental status.
• To highlight β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations for treating carbapenemase-producer infections.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of preclinical and clinical trial data.
• Analysis of synthesized carbapenemase inhibitors.
• Evaluation of β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations.

Main Results:

• A new generation of carbapenemase inhibitors, including avibactam, relebactam, and vaborbactam, shows promise in preclinical and clinical studies.
• These inhibitors demonstrate a spectrum of activity against carbapenemase-producing pathogens.
• Several β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations are nearing clinical application.

Conclusions:

• New carbapenemase inhibitors represent a significant advancement in combating antimicrobial resistance.
• These agents offer potential solutions for treating infections caused by resistant nosocomial pathogens.
• The development of these combinations is a critical step forward in infectious disease management.