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Related Concept Videos

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

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The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...
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Development of the Limb Synovial Joints01:07

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Joints form during embryonic development in conjunction with the formation and growth of the associated bones. The embryonic tissue that gives rise to all bones, cartilage, and connective tissues of the body is called mesenchyme.
The mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into chondrocytes that form the hyaline cartilage, and later the cartilaginous model of the bone. This model further transforms into a bone. This process is known as endochondral ossification.
During development, the limbs...
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Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age01:09

Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age

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The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
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Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints01:17

Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints

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As the name indicates, at a cartilaginous joint, the adjacent bones are united by cartilage, a tough but flexible type of connective tissue. Unlike synovial joints, these types of joints lack a joint cavity and involve bones joined together by either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage.
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Synchondrosis
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Knee Joint01:23

Knee Joint

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The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
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Immunodeficiency Diseases

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Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 1, 2025

In Vivo Quantification of Hip Arthrokinematics during Dynamic Weight-bearing Activities using Dual Fluoroscopy
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[Acquired hip joint pathologies in childhood].

Sebastian Berg1, Kerstin F Kuminack2

  • 1Kinderradiologie, St. Josefskrankenhaus Freiburg, Sautierstr. 1, 79104, Freiburg, Deutschland. sebastian.berg@uniklinik-freiburg.de.

Radiologie (Heidelberg, Germany)
|August 17, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Diagnosing pediatric hip joint pathologies requires differentiating common conditions from rare ones like tumors. Accurate diagnosis and treatment rely on coordinated pediatric radiology and orthopedics, using imaging like ultrasound, X-ray, MRI, and CT scans.

Keywords:
CoxitisEpiphyseolysis capitis femorisJuvenile idiopathic arthritisLegg-Calvé-Perthes diseaseOsteomyelitis

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Orthopedics
  • Pediatric Radiology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Acquired pathologies of the pediatric hip joint encompass a spectrum of conditions.
  • These range from common reactive, inflammatory, or traumatic entities to rarer neoplastic conditions.
  • Accurate differentiation is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the differential diagnostic considerations for pediatric hip joint pathologies.
  • To emphasize the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration between pediatric radiology and orthopedics.
  • To detail the role of various imaging modalities in diagnosis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of common and rare pediatric hip joint pathologies.
  • Discussion of diagnostic imaging techniques including sonography, conventional radiography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and computed tomography (CT).
  • Emphasis on the integrated approach between pediatric radiology and orthopedics.

Main Results:

  • Sonography serves as an effective initial diagnostic tool.
  • Conventional radiography is a key secondary imaging modality.
  • MRI is essential for further detailed evaluation, with CT used in specific cases.

Conclusions:

  • A systematic approach to pediatric hip joint pathology is necessary.
  • Close collaboration between pediatric radiology and orthopedics ensures optimal diagnosis, treatment planning, and follow-up.
  • Utilizing a stepwise imaging strategy, starting with ultrasound and progressing to MRI/CT as needed, is vital.