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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

190
Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

305
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

320
Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
320
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

229
Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
229
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

416
Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
416

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Related Experiment Video

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Synthesis, Characterization, and Application of Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoprobes for Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis Detection
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Tuberculosis Diagnosis Using Deep Transferred EfficientNet.

Chengxi Huang, Wei Wang, Xin Zhang

    IEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics
    |August 17, 2022
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Artificial intelligence aids tuberculosis diagnosis. A novel Deep Transferred EfficientNet with SVM (DTE-SVM) model shows high accuracy, offering a potential solution for early detection in resource-limited areas.

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    Area of Science:

    • Medical Diagnostics
    • Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
    • Machine Learning for Disease Detection

    Background:

    • Tuberculosis (TB) is a significant global health threat, particularly in regions with limited healthcare resources.
    • Traditional TB diagnosis relies on specialists, which are scarce in high-mortality areas.
    • There is a critical need for accessible and accurate diagnostic tools for TB.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and evaluate an artificial intelligence-based diagnostic method for tuberculosis.
    • To address the limitations of traditional TB diagnosis in resource-poor settings.
    • To propose a novel Deep Transferred EfficientNet with SVM (DTE-SVM) model.

    Main Methods:

    • Implementation of a Deep Transferred EfficientNet model.
    • Integration of a Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier, replacing the EfficientNet's original classification layer.
    • Rigorous evaluation using ten runs of 10-fold Cross-Validation on a small dataset.

    Main Results:

    • The DTE-SVM model achieved high performance metrics.
    • Sensitivity: 93.89±1.96%, Specificity: 95.35±1.31%, Precision: 95.30±1.24%, Accuracy: 94.62±1.00%, F1-score: 94.62±1.00%.
    • Ablation studies confirmed the positive impact of the SVM classifier on model performance.

    Conclusions:

    • The DTE-SVM model demonstrates auspicious performance for TB diagnosis, even on small datasets.
    • This AI-driven approach offers a promising solution for early and accurate TB detection in underserved regions.
    • The study highlights the potential of integrating deep learning with SVM for enhanced medical diagnostics.