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Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
Published on: February 13, 2021
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Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in Children.
Bibhuti Das1, Shriprasad Deshpande2, Jyothsna Akam-Venkata3
1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA. bdas@umc.edu.
Pediatric Cardiology
|August 17, 2022
Summary
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) in children presents unique challenges. This review highlights knowledge gaps in pediatric HFpEF, focusing on diagnosis and management.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Cardiology
- Cardiovascular Physiology
- Heart Failure Research
Background:
- Diastolic dysfunction (DD) involves impaired left ventricular (LV) mechanical function during diastole.
- Severe LV diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) can manifest as heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), even with normal systolic function.
- HFpEF is suspected in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease and cardiomyopathy, but understanding is limited.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current understanding of HFpEF in children.
- To identify knowledge gaps in etiologies, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of pediatric HFpEF.
- To compare pediatric HFpEF with its adult counterpart.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on pediatric HFpEF.
- Analysis of advancements in noninvasive LV diastolic function evaluation.
- Comparison of pediatric and adult HFpEF characteristics.
Main Results:
- Understanding pediatric HFpEF is challenging due to heterogeneous causes and overlapping mechanisms.
- The natural history of pediatric HFpEF is influenced by numerous factors including age, genetics, and underlying conditions.
- Advanced imaging techniques like strain analysis and cardiac MRI have improved assessment of LV diastolic function.
Conclusions:
- Pediatric HFpEF is a complex condition with distinct features compared to adults.
- Significant knowledge gaps persist regarding risk factors, clinical course, and predictive biomarkers for pediatric HFpEF.
- Further research is needed to refine diagnosis and management strategies for children with HFpEF.
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