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Thermogenic adipose tissue aging: Mechanisms and implications.
Graciano da Nadyellem Silva1, Angelica Amorim Amato1
1Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil.
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
|August 18, 2022
Summary
Aging impairs thermogenic adipocytes (brown and beige), crucial for energy balance and heat production. This loss increases metabolic disease risk, but understanding the mechanisms offers potential longevity strategies.
Area of Science:
- Metabolic Physiology
- Adipose Tissue Biology
- Aging Research
Background:
- Adipose tissue changes with age, increasing metabolic disease risk.
- Age-related decline includes impaired thermogenesis by brown and beige adipocytes.
- These adipocytes regulate energy homeostasis and heat production.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review mechanisms of age-related thermogenic adipocyte loss.
- To discuss strategies targeting these cells for health span and longevity.
Main Methods:
- Review of current evidence from animal models and human studies.
- Analysis of factors contributing to reduced thermogenic adipocyte mass and function.
Main Results:
- Age-related changes involve defective adipogenesis, inflammation, and impaired thermogenesis.
- Mechanisms include reduced precursor cells, mitochondrial dysfunction, and altered signaling.
- Both brown and beige adipocyte populations are affected by aging.
Conclusions:
- Understanding thermogenic adipocyte decline is key to addressing age-related metabolic dysfunction.
- Targeting brown and beige adipocytes may offer therapeutic avenues for enhancing health span and longevity.
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