Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Diversity of Antigen Receptors01:28

Diversity of Antigen Receptors

754
Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
754
B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

4.4K
The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
4.4K
Antibody Structure and Classes01:25

Antibody Structure and Classes

3.6K
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, are produced by B cells in response to foreign substances, such as bacteria and viruses. These proteins are critical for recognizing and neutralizing these substances, protecting the body from potential harm.
The basic structure of an antibody consists of four protein chains: two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains. These chains are held together by disulfide bonds and other non-covalent interactions, forming a Y-shaped structure.
3.6K
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

3.4K
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
3.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of 6-Diazo-5-Oxo-L-Norleucine in Malawian Adults With and Without Malaria: A Phase 1 Dose-Escalation Clinical Trial.

The Journal of infectious diseases·2026
Same author

Fusion of Complement Fragment C3d Enhances Germinal Center Responses to HIV-1 Envelope Glycoproteins.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

Human naïve B cells show evidence of anergy and clonal redemption following vaccination.

NPJ vaccines·2025
Same author

In the activation of HPV-specific human B cells HPV-VLP vaccines mimic membrane-associated antigens.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025
Same author

Towards a unifying model for B-cell receptor triggering.

Nature reviews. Immunology·2024
Same author

Regulation of BCR-mediated Ca<sup>2+</sup> mobilization by MIZ1-TMBIM4 safeguards IgG1<sup>+</sup> GC B cell-positive selection.

Science immunology·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 1, 2025

Using X-ray Crystallography, Biophysics, and Functional Assays to Determine the Mechanisms Governing T-cell Receptor Recognition of Cancer Antigens
09:53

Using X-ray Crystallography, Biophysics, and Functional Assays to Determine the Mechanisms Governing T-cell Receptor Recognition of Cancer Antigens

Published on: February 6, 2017

11.5K

Unveiling the B cell receptor structure.

Pavel Tolar1, Susan K Pierce2

  • 1Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, UK.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 18, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Molecular structures guide the understanding and control of B cell receptor activation. This research unlocks new pathways for targeted therapies and immune system modulation.

More Related Videos

A TIRF Microscopy Technique for Real-time, Simultaneous Imaging of the TCR and its Associated Signaling Proteins
16:10

A TIRF Microscopy Technique for Real-time, Simultaneous Imaging of the TCR and its Associated Signaling Proteins

Published on: March 22, 2012

24.0K
Studying Organelle Dynamics in B Cells During Immune Synapse Formation
15:39

Studying Organelle Dynamics in B Cells During Immune Synapse Formation

Published on: June 1, 2019

9.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 1, 2025

Using X-ray Crystallography, Biophysics, and Functional Assays to Determine the Mechanisms Governing T-cell Receptor Recognition of Cancer Antigens
09:53

Using X-ray Crystallography, Biophysics, and Functional Assays to Determine the Mechanisms Governing T-cell Receptor Recognition of Cancer Antigens

Published on: February 6, 2017

11.5K
A TIRF Microscopy Technique for Real-time, Simultaneous Imaging of the TCR and its Associated Signaling Proteins
16:10

A TIRF Microscopy Technique for Real-time, Simultaneous Imaging of the TCR and its Associated Signaling Proteins

Published on: March 22, 2012

24.0K
Studying Organelle Dynamics in B Cells During Immune Synapse Formation
15:39

Studying Organelle Dynamics in B Cells During Immune Synapse Formation

Published on: June 1, 2019

9.2K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Structural Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • B cell receptors (BCRs) are crucial for adaptive immunity.
  • Understanding BCR activation is key to developing treatments for autoimmune diseases and cancers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the role of molecular structures in BCR activation.
  • To provide a framework for controlling BCR signaling pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of BCR molecular dynamics.
  • Computational modeling of BCR-ligand interactions.
  • Experimental validation of structural insights.

Main Results:

  • Detailed mapping of conformational changes in BCRs.
  • Identification of key structural motifs regulating BCR signaling.
  • Demonstration of how molecular structure dictates activation thresholds.

Conclusions:

  • Molecular structures are fundamental determinants of BCR activation.
  • Targeting specific structural features offers a novel strategy for immune modulation.
  • This work provides a roadmap for designing BCR-targeted therapeutics.