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Does Cancer Masquerade as Sarcoidosis?
1From Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, The Dartmouth Institute, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH.
Summary
Cancer masquerading as sarcoidosis is rare, affecting 0.7% of patients. In this study, sarcoidosis diagnosis sometimes delayed cancer detection, but searching for occult malignancy in sarcoidosis patients is generally not advised.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Oncology
- Immunology
Background:
- Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disease.
- Malignancy can rarely present with granulomatous reactions.
- The potential for cancer to mimic sarcoidosis requires investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the frequency of malignancy presenting as sarcoidosis.
- To assess if a sarcoidosis diagnosis delays cancer detection.
- To evaluate the need for malignancy screening in sarcoidosis patients.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study utilizing the TriNetX database.
- Identified 1029 newly diagnosed sarcoidosis cases (Oct 2015-Sep 2020).
- Analyzed subsequent malignancy diagnoses in this cohort.
Main Results:
- Malignancy occurred in 50 (4.9%) of sarcoidosis patients.
- Cancer mimicked sarcoidosis in 7 (0.7%) cases.
- Sarcoidosis diagnosis delayed cancer detection by 1 month to 2 years in 7 cases; 7 cases had potential therapy-related malignancies.
Conclusions:
- Cancer masquerading as sarcoidosis is exceptionally rare (0.7%).
- Lung cancer did not present as sarcoidosis in this cohort.
- Routine screening for occult malignancy in sarcoidosis patients is rarely indicated.
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