Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Hypoglycemia and Glucagon

Hypoglycemia and Glucagon

Without prolonged fasting, healthy individuals maintain blood glucose levels above 3.5 mM due to a well-adapted neuroendocrine counterregulatory system that effectively prevents acute hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. The primary clinical scenarios for hypoglycemia encompass diabetes treatment, inappropriate production of endogenous insulin or insulin-like substances by tumors, and the use of glucose-lowering agents in non-diabetic individuals. Notably, hypoglycemia in the...

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides

Repaglinide (Prandin) and Nateglinide (Starlix), known as glinides, are oral insulin secretagogues that stimulate insulin release from pancreatic β cells by closing the ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channel). Repaglinide controls insulin release from pancreatic β cells by managing potassium efflux. It shares two binding sites with sulfonylureas and also has a unique site, indicating overlapping mechanisms of action. With a rapid onset and a 4-7 hour duration, it effectively...

Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects

Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects

Insulin-replacement therapy usually includes both long-acting insulin (basal) and short-acting insulin (to cater to postprandial needs). In a diverse group of type 1 diabetes patients, the average daily insulin dose is typically 0.5-0.7 units/kg body weight. However, obese patients and pubertal adolescents may need more due to insulin resistance.
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors

α-glucosidase inhibitors, including acarbose (Precose), miglitol (Glyset), and voglibose (Voglib) (primarily available in Asia), are drugs that control blood sugar levels by delaying the digestion of starch and disaccharides. They achieve this by inhibiting α-glucosidase enzymes in the intestine, which slow the absorption of carbohydrates in the intestine, which in turn leads to a prolonged release of the glucoregulatory hormone GLP-1 from intestinal L-cells.
Acarbose and miglitol are...

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy

The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...

Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors

Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors

Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) is a serine protease widely distributed in the body. It's involved in the inactivation of GLP-1 and GIP hormones, which are crucial for insulin regulation. DPP-4 inhibitors, such as sitagliptin (Januvia), saxagliptin (Onglyza), linagliptin (Tradjenta), alogliptin (Nesina), and vildagliptin (Galvus), help increase the proportion of active GLP-1, enhancing insulin secretion. These inhibitors work by competitively binding to DPP-4. This binding causes a...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Antiviral Therapies for Adults With Mild to Moderate COVID-19 Infection.

JAMA·2026

Same author

Management of Crohn Disease in Adults.

JAMA·2026

Same author

Fertility Preservation in People With Cancer.

JAMA·2026

Same author

Management of Opioid Use Disorder.

JAMA·2026

Same author

Improving Provider Documentation Using a Pediatric Automated Documentation Assistance Tool.

Applied clinical informatics·2025

Same author

Traditional Mediterranean physical activity: integration of active lifestyle behaviors and exercise with social interactions as part of daily life.

The Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 31, 2025

Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital

Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital

Published on: June 11, 2012

Reducing Inpatient Hypoglycemic Events: A Focus on Mealtime Insulin.

Celeste C Thomas¹, Ursula M Dolan², Nancy M Jerger²

¹University of Chicago, Chicago, IL.

Clinical Diabetes : a Publication of the American Diabetes Association

|August 19, 2022

Summary

This quality improvement initiative successfully reduced medication errors and hospitalizations related to insulin-induced hypoglycemia. The study highlights best practices for improving diabetes care and patient safety.

More Related Videos

A Method for Manipulating Blood Glucose and Measuring Resulting Changes in Cognitive Accessibility of Target Stimuli

A Method for Manipulating Blood Glucose and Measuring Resulting Changes in Cognitive Accessibility of Target Stimuli

Published on: August 12, 2016

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Blood Glucose Homeostasis in Murine Brain Using a Cost-Effective Hyperglycemic And Hypoglycemic Clamp Technique

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Blood Glucose Homeostasis in Murine Brain Using a Cost-Effective Hyperglycemic And Hypoglycemic Clamp Technique

Published on: January 26, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 31, 2025

Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital

Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital

Published on: June 11, 2012

A Method for Manipulating Blood Glucose and Measuring Resulting Changes in Cognitive Accessibility of Target Stimuli

A Method for Manipulating Blood Glucose and Measuring Resulting Changes in Cognitive Accessibility of Target Stimuli

Published on: August 12, 2016

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Blood Glucose Homeostasis in Murine Brain Using a Cost-Effective Hyperglycemic And Hypoglycemic Clamp Technique

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Blood Glucose Homeostasis in Murine Brain Using a Cost-Effective Hyperglycemic And Hypoglycemic Clamp Technique

Published on: January 26, 2024

Area of Science:

Diabetes Management
Quality Improvement in Healthcare
Patient Safety

Background:

Iatrogenic insulin-associated hypoglycemia is a significant concern in diabetes care.
Effective strategies are needed to reduce adverse events associated with insulin therapy.
The University of Chicago Medical Center aimed to improve the quality of care for patients with diabetes.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe an initiative to reduce iatrogenic insulin-associated hypoglycemia.
To highlight best practices in diabetes quality improvement.
To share strategies for enhancing patient safety in diabetes management.

Main Methods:

Implementation of a quality improvement program focused on insulin therapy.
Review of clinical practices and patient outcomes related to hypoglycemia.
Collaboration between healthcare professionals to identify and address care gaps.

Main Results:

Significant reduction in episodes of iatrogenic insulin-associated hypoglycemia.
Improved patient safety and quality of care for individuals with diabetes.
Successful implementation of evidence-based best practices.

Conclusions:

Quality improvement efforts can effectively mitigate risks of insulin-associated hypoglycemia.
Adoption of best practices leads to enhanced patient outcomes in diabetes care.
The initiative serves as a model for other institutions seeking to improve diabetes management.