Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 31, 2025

Rodent Estrous Cycle Monitoring Utilizing Vaginal Lavage: No Such Thing As a Normal Cycle
Published on: August 30, 2021
Dealing with menstrual cycle in sport: stop finding excuses to exclude women from research
Alice Meignié1, Jean-François Toussaint2,3, Juliana Antero2
1IRMES, Institut de Recherche BioMédicale et d'Epidémiologie du Sport, INSEP-URP 7329, Université Paris Cité, 11 avenue du Tremblay, 75012, Paris, France. alice.meignie@insep.fr.
Abstract:
The current literature is mostly male-based, limiting evidence-based recommendations for training individualization for female athletes. Recently, studies have relied on recent findings showing a potential effect of the menstrual cycle to exclude female athletes from their samples. We highlight that the arguments usually put forward to this action are not acceptable. Our discussion aims to elucidate that female physiological parameter can be confounding variables in the same way than other parameters (temperature, nutrition, fatigue, etc.). Those are usually well handled in most studies. This is important to bridge the current sex data gap and promote research on female athletes. Specially, as we approach the next Olympic Games, were, for the first time, there will be full gender parity in terms of athlete numbers at the Olympic Games Paris 2024.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle
At puberty, GnRH begins a pulsatile release pattern, which triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses vary across the menstrual cycle, with faster pulses favoring LH release and slower pulses favoring FSH...
The Menstrual Cycle
The menstrual phase occurs from days 1 to 5 and involves the shedding of the stratum functionalis, as a...
Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle. At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...
Menses Phase
When fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum deteriorates, causing a significant drop in the levels of estrogen and progesterone in the body. This hormonal decrease triggers the release of prostaglandins, which cause the uterine...
Oogenesis
Inclusive Fitness

