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Incomplete faces are completed using a more average face.

Robin S S Kramer1, Alex L Jones2

  • 1School of Psychology, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, UK. remarknibor@gmail.com.

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|August 19, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

When viewing incomplete faces, people mentally fill in missing information using an average facial representation. This tendency is heightened for less typical faces, impacting perceptions in the era of face masks.

Keywords:
Face averageFace morphFacial attractivenessFacial typicalityPositivity biasUpper- and lower-face

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Visual Perception

Background:

  • Facial first impressions significantly shape social interactions.
  • The COVID-19 pandemic necessitates viewing incomplete faces due to widespread mask usage.
  • Prior research suggests face masks can increase attractiveness perceptions, potentially by invoking an "average face" mental model.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To directly test the hypothesis that viewers use an average face representation to infer missing facial information.
  • To investigate how face typicality influences the completion of incomplete faces.
  • To provide empirical evidence for the role of internal facial representations in perception.

Main Methods:

  • Participants were presented with incomplete faces (upper or lower half missing).
  • Participants manipulated the missing facial half to determine how the complete face should look.
  • The averageness and typicality of facial stimuli were systematically varied.

Main Results:

  • Participants consistently chose more average versions of the missing facial halves, not the original faces.
  • The degree of averageness selected was influenced by the typicality of the original face.
  • Less typical original faces led to the selection of even more average completions.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides the first direct evidence for the use of an average/typical internal representation when inferring incomplete faces.
  • Findings have significant theoretical implications for understanding visual perception and facial processing.
  • The results offer practical insights into social perception during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond.