Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Viruses with RNA Genomes01:29

Viruses with RNA Genomes

98
RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...
98
Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens01:29

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

894
The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
894
Retroviruses02:33

Retroviruses

12.6K
Retroviruses and retrotransposons both insert copies of their genetic elements into the genome of the host cell. Thus, the viral genes are passed on when the host genome is replicated or translated. A typical retroviral DNA sequence contains 3-4 genes that encode the different proteins required for its structural assembly and function as a molecular parasite. This DNA is transcribed into a single mRNA, which is very similar in structure to conventional mRNAs, i.e., it is capped at the 5’...
12.6K
Viral Structure00:56

Viral Structure

63.2K
Viruses are extraordinarily diverse in shape and size, but they all have several structural features in common. All viruses have a core that contains a DNA- or RNA-based genome. The core is surrounded by a protective coat of proteins called the capsid. The capsid is composed of subunits called capsomeres. The capsid and genome-containing core are together known as the nucleocapsid.
63.2K
Mechanisms of Retrovirus-induced Cancers01:51

Mechanisms of Retrovirus-induced Cancers

5.2K
Retroviruses are RNA viruses that have been shown to cause cancers in diverse species, including chickens, mice, cats, and monkeys. The RNA genomes of these viruses are first reverse-transcribed into single and then double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) copies. This dsDNA called proviral DNA then integrates into the host genome. Subsequently, the host cell transcribes the proviral DNA in concert with the chromosomal DNA. This leads to the production of viral RNA and proteins that assemble at the host...
5.2K
Viral Mutations00:36

Viral Mutations

32.8K
A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material...
32.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Epigenetic Functions of SMYD5 and Its Role in Development, Cancer and Other Cellular Processes.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same author

Translational insights into Long-COVID: evaluation of preclinical animal models along the lung-brain-immune axis with focus on Golden Syrian Hamsters.

Journal of neuroinflammation·2026
Same author

Secreted ORF8 reprograms macrophages to enhance SARS-CoV-2 infection of lung epithelial cells.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Hantavirus on the rise: clinical, virological, immunological, and public health perspectives.

Current opinion in immunology·2026
Same author

AcTor, a novel mTOR stimulator, potentiates ixazomib for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia.

Molecular cancer·2026
Same author

Self-Dimerization Induced Proximity Targeting Chimeras (SDIPTAC) Lead to DCAF1 Loss of Function and Inhibition of HIV Replication.

Journal of medicinal chemistry·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 31, 2025

Purification of Viral DNA for the Identification of Associated Viral and Cellular Proteins
08:26

Purification of Viral DNA for the Identification of Associated Viral and Cellular Proteins

Published on: August 31, 2017

13.8K

Catching BETs by viruses.

Mohamad Zandian1, Irene P Chen2, Siddappa N Byrareddy3

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.

Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. Gene Regulatory Mechanisms
|August 19, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Viruses exploit human BET proteins, critical for transcription, to evade immune responses and replicate. Viral proteins bind BET proteins, hijacking them to attach viral genomes to host chromatin.

Keywords:
AcetylationBETBRD4BromodomainET domainMechanismVirus

More Related Videos

Highly Sensitive Assay for Measurement of Arenavirus-cell Attachment
08:34

Highly Sensitive Assay for Measurement of Arenavirus-cell Attachment

Published on: March 2, 2016

9.7K
Dissecting Host-virus Interaction in Lytic Replication of a Model Herpesvirus
11:28

Dissecting Host-virus Interaction in Lytic Replication of a Model Herpesvirus

Published on: October 7, 2011

11.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 31, 2025

Purification of Viral DNA for the Identification of Associated Viral and Cellular Proteins
08:26

Purification of Viral DNA for the Identification of Associated Viral and Cellular Proteins

Published on: August 31, 2017

13.8K
Highly Sensitive Assay for Measurement of Arenavirus-cell Attachment
08:34

Highly Sensitive Assay for Measurement of Arenavirus-cell Attachment

Published on: March 2, 2016

9.7K
Dissecting Host-virus Interaction in Lytic Replication of a Model Herpesvirus
11:28

Dissecting Host-virus Interaction in Lytic Replication of a Model Herpesvirus

Published on: October 7, 2011

11.1K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular biology
  • Virology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Viruses employ diverse strategies to subvert host cell machinery, evading innate immunity for replication.
  • Human BET proteins are key transcriptional regulators and frequently targeted by viruses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathological roles of BET proteins during viral infections.
  • To elucidate mechanisms of BET protein interaction with viral proteins, including SARS-CoV-2 envelope protein.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of viral hijacking of BET proteins.
  • Analysis of BET protein structure-function relationships in viral infection.
  • Focus on direct interactions between BET proteins and viral components.

Main Results:

  • BET proteins associate with chromatin via bromodomain-histone interactions.
  • Viral proteins can occupy BET protein docking sites, anchoring viral genomes to host chromatin.
  • Direct interactions facilitate viral replication and immune evasion.

Conclusions:

  • BET proteins are crucial mediators exploited by viruses for pathogenesis.
  • Understanding these interactions, like with SARS-CoV-2, is vital for antiviral strategies.