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Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Implications for Care

Susan Brasher1, Jennifer L Stapel-Wax2, Lisa Muirhead1

  • 1Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, 1520 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.

The Nursing Clinics of North America
|August 19, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects social interaction and communication. Early diagnosis and equitable access to quality care are crucial for individuals with ASD, especially those from diverse backgrounds.

Area of Science:

  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Public Health
  • Health Disparities

Background:

  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition.
  • Individuals with ASD face higher health risks, particularly those from diverse racial and ethnic backgrounds.
  • Disparities in diagnosis, services, and care quality impact life trajectories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the heightened health risks and mortality in individuals with ASD, especially from diverse backgrounds.
  • To underscore the impact of healthcare disparities on the developmental trajectory of individuals with ASD.
  • To emphasize the need for specialized training for healthcare providers and law enforcement to support this population.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on health disparities in autism spectrum disorder.
  • Analysis of factors influencing diagnosis and access to care.
  • Examination of the role of healthcare providers and law enforcement in supporting individuals with ASD.

Main Results:

  • Individuals with ASD, particularly from diverse backgrounds, experience elevated risks for certain health conditions and mortality.
  • Significant disparities exist in the timing of diagnosis, access to services, and quality of care.
  • Healthcare providers and law enforcement require enhanced preparation for effective interaction and care.

Conclusions:

  • Addressing health disparities is critical for improving outcomes for individuals with ASD.
  • Timely diagnosis and equitable access to quality care are essential for positive life trajectories.
  • Training for professionals interacting with individuals with ASD is vital for person-centered care.

Keywords:
AutismAutism spectrum disorderHealth care disparitiesRacial and ethnic disparitiesVulnerable populations

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