Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 31, 2025

Monitoring Changes in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells upon Viral Infection Using Impedance-Based Real-Time Cell Analysis
07:56

Monitoring Changes in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells upon Viral Infection Using Impedance-Based Real-Time Cell Analysis

Published on: May 5, 2023

468

Clinical implications of vascular dysfunction in acute and convalescent COVID-19: A systematic review

Georgios Mavraganis1, Maria-Angeliki Dimopoulou1, Dimitrios Delialis1

  • 1Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.

European Journal of Clinical Investigation
|August 20, 2022
PubMed

Insights

COVID-19 infection harms vascular function, causing endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness. This dysfunction persists post-infection and is linked to poorer survival outcomes in patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Endothelial dysfunction is increasingly recognized as a key factor in COVID-19.
  • Vascular impairment may correlate with COVID-19 severity and clinical symptoms.
  • Assessing vascular function could improve risk stratification for COVID-19 patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the prevalence and prognostic significance of vascular dysfunction in COVID-19.
  • To evaluate endothelial function and arterial stiffness during acute and post-COVID-19 recovery phases.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of MEDLINE, clinicaltrials.gov, and Cochrane Library (Dec 2019–Mar 2022).
  • Included 24 studies examining vascular function in laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases.
  • Focused on flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) measurements.

Main Results:

  • A strong association between vascular dysfunction and COVID-19 was observed in most studies.
  • Endothelial dysfunction and increased arterial stiffness correlated with reduced survival rates.
  • These vascular changes were noted in both acute and post-recovery phases of COVID-19.

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19 has a detrimental impact on endothelial function and arterial stiffness.
  • These vascular abnormalities can persist for months after infection resolution.
  • Vascular dysfunction markers hold prognostic value for COVID-19 patients, warranting further investigation.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19arterial stiffnessendothelial dysfunctionflow-mediated dilationvascular function

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