Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 31, 2025
08:52
Author Spotlight: Optimizing Hairy Root-Based Transformation Protocols for Enhanced Efficiency in Brassicaceae
Published on: December 22, 2023
3.9K
Chromatin during plant regeneration: Opening towards root identity?
Fatemeh Aflaki1, Ruben Gutzat2, Iva Mozgová3
1Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
Current Opinion in Plant Biology
|August 21, 2022
Summary
Plant regeneration involves cell identity reprogramming, where only specific cells achieve pluripotency. Epigenome dynamics, including chromatin changes, are crucial for this process and can lead to variations in regenerated plants.
Area of Science:
- Plant biology
- Developmental biology
- Epigenetics
Background:
- Plants possess remarkable developmental plasticity and can reprogram cell identities for regeneration.
- Plant regeneration, while used in propagation, is now being studied at cellular and molecular levels.
- Not all plant cells have equal regeneration potential; only a subset achieves pluripotency, showing similarity to root stem cells.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying plant regeneration.
- To investigate the role of epigenome dynamics, specifically chromatin remodeling, in pluripotency establishment and differentiation.
- To understand the causes of somaclonal variation in regenerated plants.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of transcriptional reprogramming during plant regeneration.
- Investigation of chromatin repression and release during pluripotency establishment and differentiation.
- Utilizing advancements in single-cell technologies to study epigenome dynamics.
Main Results:
- Plant regeneration involves transcriptional reprogramming and transient chromatin de-repression during pluripotency.
- Restoration of chromatin repression occurs during organ or embryo differentiation.
- Incomplete epigenetic resetting is linked to somaclonal variation in regenerated plants.
Conclusions:
- Plant regeneration is a complex process involving cell identity reprogramming and epigenome modulation.
- Understanding epigenome dynamics is key to controlling pluripotency and differentiation in plant regeneration.
- Advancements in single-cell technologies promise deeper insights into plant regeneration mechanisms.
Related Concept Videos
02:19Morphogenesis
28.7K
Plant morphogenesis—the development of a plant’s form and structure—involves several overlapping developmental processes, including growth and cell differentiation. Precursor cells differentiate into specific cell types, which are organized into the tissues and organ systems that make up the functional plant.
28.7K
01:32Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells
1.9K
Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
1.9K
03:02Primary and Secondary Growth in Roots and Shoots
57.8K
Vascular plants, which account for over 90% of the Earth’s vegetation, all undergo primary growth—which lengthens roots and shoots. Many land plants, notably woody plants, also undergo secondary growth—which thickens roots and shoots.
57.8K
03:17Inheritance of Chromatin Structures
6.5K
Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying...
6.5K
01:29Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming
2.3K
Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
2.3K
01:17Gene Regulation During Sporulation
75
Sporulation is a complex developmental process that allows certain Gram-positive bacteria, such as Bacillus subtilis and Clostridium species, to survive extreme environmental conditions. This process is tightly regulated by a series of signaling cascades and transcriptional controls, ensuring the formation of a highly resistant endospore.Sporulation is triggered by unfavorable conditions, such as nutrient depletion, and is governed by a phosphorelay system. One of the sensor kinases, such as...
75