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Changes in trace metal concentrations throughout the phosphogypsum lifecycle.

Kate D Weiksnar1, Kyle A Clavier1, Nicole M Robey1

  • 1Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, University of Florida, P. O. Box 116450, Gainesville, FL 32611-6450, USA.

The Science of the Total Environment
|August 21, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Stacking phosphogypsum (PG) for three years reduces total metal concentrations, making it a safer construction material. Fresh PG contains higher levels of metals like arsenic and lead compared to aged PG.

Keywords:
Beneficial useCharacterizationGypstackHeavy metalsRecyclingWaste Management

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Geochemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Phosphogypsum (PG) is a byproduct of phosphate fertilizer production.
  • The presence of metals in PG raises concerns for environmental and health risks.
  • Understanding metal content variation is crucial for safe reuse of PG.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze total metal content variations in fresh and stacked phosphogypsum (PG).
  • To investigate the influence of aging time and environmental factors on PG metal concentrations.
  • To assess the suitability of aged PG for beneficial reuse in construction.

Main Methods:

  • Collected PG samples from four sources in the Southeastern US.
  • Analyzed metal content in fresh PG and PG from stacks of varying ages.
  • Measured pH levels in fresh and stacked PG samples.

Main Results:

  • Fresh PG showed higher total metal concentrations (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn) than stacked PG.
  • pH variations were observed, but not linearly correlated with PG age.
  • Lower metal concentrations in aged PG suggest drainage and location impact metal content and pH.

Conclusions:

  • Stacking PG for three or more years significantly lowers total metal concentrations.
  • Aged PG is a more suitable construction material than fresh PG due to reduced metal content.
  • Process water drainage and stack location are critical factors influencing PG pH and metal concentrations for reuse.