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Distress return migration amid COVID-19: Kerala's response.

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The COVID-19 pandemic triggered mass return migration from Kerala, India, due to job losses and uncertainty. This study examines the challenges faced by these returning migrants and their potential role in Kerala

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Area of Science:

  • Sociology
  • Migration Studies
  • Development Studies

Background:

  • International migrants from Kerala, India, faced significant challenges due to COVID-19, including job losses, reduced wages, and social insecurity.
  • These adverse conditions prompted large-scale return migration to India, raising questions about the voluntary nature of these returns and reintegration.
  • The impact of return migrants on the development of their home regions remains an under-researched area.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the circumstances surrounding return migration from Kerala since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • To provide insights into the future of emigration from the Kerala-diaspora corridor.
  • To offer policy recommendations for managing return migration and leveraging the potential of returnees.

Main Methods:

  • This commentary utilizes a case study approach focusing on Kerala, India.
  • It analyzes the socio-economic factors influencing return migration during the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • The study synthesizes existing knowledge and offers perspectives on future trends and policy implications.

Main Results:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic created conditions that forced many emigrants from Kerala to return home.
  • The return migration challenges include reintegration difficulties and questions about the sustainability of re-embedding in the home country.
  • The role of these return migrants in Kerala's development is currently unclear and requires further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Return migration due to external shocks like the pandemic raises critical questions about migrant agency and reintegration.
  • Further research and targeted policy interventions are necessary to understand and support the role of return migrants in their societies of origin.
  • The study highlights the need for proactive policies to address the challenges and opportunities presented by return migration from Kerala.