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Impact of Fabrication Techniques and Polishing Procedures on Surface Roughness of Denture Base Resins
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Do composite resin polishing systems damage enamel?

Britta S Ristau, Bruce N Hamilton, Anne E Hill

    General Dentistry
    |August 22, 2022
    PubMed
    Summary

    Finishing burs cause the most enamel loss around composite resin restorations. Polishing steps remove minimal enamel, with no significant difference found between the two tested sequences for enamel damage.

    Keywords:
    aluminum oxidecomposite resinsdental enameldental finishingdental polishingdental tungsten carbide bur

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    Area of Science:

    • Dentistry
    • Dental Materials Science
    • Biomaterials

    Background:

    • Finishing and polishing composite resin restorations can damage adjacent enamel.
    • Previous research has focused on restorative material effects, with limited quantification of bordering enamel loss.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare enamel loss surrounding composite restorations following different finishing and polishing sequences.
    • To test the hypothesis that no difference exists in enamel loss between various finishing and polishing protocols.

    Main Methods:

    • Class V preparations on extracted human molars were restored with composite resin.
    • Two finishing and polishing sequences were applied to each tooth: Sequence 1 (tungsten carbide bur, aluminum oxide discs) and Sequence 2 (diamond bur, aluminum oxide cup, diamond cup).
    • Optical scanning quantified enamel loss after preparation, finishing, and polishing stages, analyzed using paired t-tests.

    Main Results:

    • Finishing burs (tungsten carbide or diamond) were the primary source of enamel loss.
    • Mean enamel loss from finishing burs was 51.8 μm (tungsten carbide) and 43.3 μm (diamond).
    • Subsequent polishing steps removed only a few microns of enamel, with no statistically significant difference in enamel loss between the two sequences.

    Conclusions:

    • Finishing burs are the main contributors to enamel damage during composite restoration procedures.
    • The tested polishing systems removed minimal enamel, indicating their relative safety for bordering enamel.
    • No significant difference in enamel loss was observed between the two evaluated finishing and polishing sequences.