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Ankle Joint

Ankle Joint

The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 31, 2025

A Mini-Invasive Internal Fixation Technique for Studying Immobilization-Induced Knee Flexion Contracture in Rats

A Mini-Invasive Internal Fixation Technique for Studying Immobilization-Induced Knee Flexion Contracture in Rats

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Temporary circular external fixation for spanning the traumatised ankle joint: A cohort comparison study.

William D Harrison¹, Franklin Fortuin¹, Matthieu Durand-Hill¹

¹Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7505, South Africa.

|August 22, 2022

Summary

Ankle spanning circular fixators provide better initial bone reduction and maintain it more effectively than traditional delta-frame external fixators. Circular fixation is also more cost-effective and reduces the need for further surgeries.

Keywords:

Ankle spanning Damage control Soft tissue resuscitation Temporary external fixation Tibial pilon fracture

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Area of Science:

Orthopedic surgery
Trauma fixation devices
Lower extremity reconstruction

Background:

Temporary spanning fixation is crucial for bony stability and soft-tissue management in trauma.
Conventional monolateral fixators have limitations including pin site morbidity and construct instability.
This study evaluates ankle spanning circular fixators against traditional delta-frame fixators.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the efficacy of ankle spanning circular fixators versus delta-frame monolateral external fixators.
To assess the quality of reduction and maintenance of reduction in ankle fractures.
To evaluate cost-effectiveness and complication rates between the two fixation methods.

Main Methods:

Retrospective cohort study matching 55 delta-frames and 51 circular fixators.
Assessment of initial reduction and maintenance of reduction by two authors.
Secondary outcome measures included fixator costs, time to definitive surgery, and complications.

Main Results:

Circular fixators achieved superior initial reduction (100% vs. 91%) and maintenance of reduction (96% vs. 78%) compared to delta-frames.
Deterioration of reduction was significantly lower in circular fixators (4% vs. 22%).
Circular fixation was less expensive (3747 USD vs. 4307 USD) and more frequently used as definitive fixation (25% vs. 5%).

Conclusions:

Temporary spanning circular fixation offers superior intra-operative reduction and maintenance of reduction.
Circular fixators are more cost-effective and reduce the need for revision surgeries.
Circular fixation provides a more stable and reliable option for ankle fracture management.