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Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Pathology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Dentinogenic ghost cell tumor (DGCT) is a rare, locally invasive odontogenic neoplasm, representing a solid variant of calcifying odontogenic cyst (COC).
  • DGCT comprises a small fraction of COCs (2-14%) and odontogenic tumors (<0.5%).
  • Histologically, DGCT features ameloblastomatous odontogenic epithelium, ghost cells, and dentinoid material.

Observation:

  • A 42-year-old male presented with recurrent left maxillary swelling and pain, previously misdiagnosed.
  • Clinical examination revealed maxillary expansion and adjacent tooth mobility.
  • Radiographic findings showed a large, well-demarcated radiolucent lesion with root resorption.

Findings:

  • Incisional biopsy confirmed DGCT.
  • Segmental maxillectomy with safe margins was performed due to the tumor's aggressiveness.
  • Histopathology confirmed ameloblastomatous odontogenic epithelium, ghost cells, and dentinoid material.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the aggressive nature and high recurrence rate of DGCT.
  • Aggressive surgical management with wide margins is recommended for DGCT.
  • Long-term follow-up is essential for patients diagnosed with DGCT.