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Acute Kidney Injury in COVID-19 Patients: Pathogenesis, Clinical Characteristics, Therapy, and Mortality

Venice Chávez-Valencia1, Citlalli Orizaga-de-la-Cruz1, Francisco Alejandro Lagunas-Rangel2

  • 1Department of Nephrology, Hospital General Regional Hospital No. 1, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Bosque de los Olivos No. 101. Av. La Goleta Mpo. Charo, Morelia 61301, Mexico.

Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 23, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) frequently causes acute kidney injury (AKI), a serious complication affecting multiple organs. This review examines the pathogenesis, clinical features, therapy, and mortality of COVID-19 associated AKI.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, impacts numerous organs.
  • Kidney involvement, specifically acute kidney injury (AKI), is a frequent and severe complication of COVID-19.
  • The precise mechanisms underlying SARS-CoV-2-induced kidney damage remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on the pathogenesis of COVID-19 AKI.
  • To summarize the clinical features, therapeutic strategies, and mortality associated with COVID-19 AKI.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on COVID-19 and acute kidney injury.
  • Synthesis of findings on viral pathogenesis, clinical presentation, treatment, and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • COVID-19 AKI is a significant complication with variable incidence.
  • Multiple factors contribute to COVID-19 AKI, including direct viral effects and systemic inflammation.
  • Therapeutic approaches and patient outcomes vary widely.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding COVID-19 AKI pathogenesis is crucial for effective management.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate mechanisms and optimize treatment strategies.
  • COVID-19 AKI significantly impacts patient morbidity and mortality.

Keywords:
ACE2AKISARS-CoV-2molecular mechanisms

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