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Intelligence IS Cognitive Flexibility: Why Multilevel Models of Within-Individual Processes Are Needed to Realise
Damian P Birney1, Jens F Beckmann2
1School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia.
Journal of Intelligence
|August 23, 2022
Summary
Classic psychometric approaches to intelligence are limited. Incorporating within-person accounts and process-theories is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of cognitive flexibility.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Cognitive Science
Background:
- Intelligence is linked to life success, but its definition remains debated.
- Current understanding relies heavily on psychometric testing, focusing on between-person differences.
- This approach has limitations in fully capturing the complexity of intelligence.
Purpose of the Study:
- To argue for the necessity of within-person accounts in intelligence research.
- To highlight the importance of process-theories for understanding intelligence.
- To propose methods for measuring intelligence as cognitive flexibility.
Main Methods:
- Review of classic psychometric limitations and their impact on intelligence research.
- Discussion of process-theories and their role in within-person analyses.
- Examination of dynamic tasks and modifications to static tasks for assessing within-person processes.
- Application of multilevel models for building and testing within-individual intelligence concepts.
Main Results:
- Classic psychometrics, focusing on between-person differences, offer an incomplete view of intelligence.
- Process-theories are essential for developing within-person models of intelligence.
- Multilevel models are well-suited for analyzing within-individual intelligence variations.
- Cognitive flexibility is proposed as a core component of intelligence.
Conclusions:
- A comprehensive understanding of intelligence requires integrating within-person perspectives with traditional psychometrics.
- Process-theories and dynamic task assessments are key to capturing cognitive flexibility.
- Multilevel modeling provides a robust framework for studying individual intelligence dynamics.
Keywords:
cognitive flexibilitycomplex problem-solvingergodic assumptionformative modelsmultilevel modelsMore Related Videos
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