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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 31, 2025

Author Spotlight: Studying the Impact of Maternal Dietary Deficiencies on Long-Term Offspring Health Outcomes
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Does the conditional maternal benefit programme reduce infant mortality in India?

Toshiaki Aizawa1

  • 1Graduate School of Economics and Business, Hokkaido University, North 9 West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0809, Japan.

Health Policy and Planning
|August 23, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

India's Indira Gandhi Matritva Sahyog Yojana (IGMSY) program significantly reduced infant mortality by 8.32% in pilot districts. This conditional cash transfer initiative showed greater impact in the neonatal period and among boys and urban infants.

Keywords:
IGMSYIndiaconditional cash transferinfant mortalityrandom survival forest

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Maternal and Child Health
  • Health Economics

Background:

  • India faces the world's highest infant mortality rates.
  • The Indira Gandhi Matritva Sahyog Yojana (IGMSY) was implemented as a conditional maternity benefit program.
  • IGMSY provides cash transfers to pregnant and lactating women, linked to healthcare utilization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate the impact of the IGMSY program on infant mortality within the first 12 months of birth.
  • To utilize the pilot phase of IGMSY as a natural experiment for impact evaluation.
  • To assess variations in the program's effect across different time periods and demographic groups.

Main Methods:

  • A matched-pair difference-in-differences framework was employed.
  • The random survival forest approach was used for data-driven treatment effect estimation.
  • The study focused on 52 randomly selected pilot districts.

Main Results:

  • IGMSY reduced the infant mortality rate by 8.32% in treatment districts.
  • This translates to 1.53 fewer infant deaths per 1000 live births (95% PI: 1.26-1.80).
  • The program's impact was more pronounced during the neonatal period, after 6 months, and among boys and urban children.

Conclusions:

  • The IGMSY program demonstrates a significant positive impact on reducing infant mortality in India.
  • Conditional cash transfer programs can be effective tools for improving infant survival rates.
  • Targeted interventions may be necessary to address disparities in infant mortality among different demographic groups.