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Health Information Sourcing and Health Knowledge Quality: Repeated Cross-sectional Survey
Elena Korshakova1, Jessecae K Marsh2, Samantha Kleinberg1
1Department of Computer Science, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, United States.
JMIR Formative Research
|August 23, 2022
Summary
People use different health information sources for common versus emerging illnesses. Consulting more sources improves health knowledge quality, highlighting the need for targeted health information dissemination strategies.
Area of Science:
- Health communication
- Information science
- Public health
Background:
- Individual health knowledge significantly impacts health outcomes and adherence to medical advice.
- Limited research exists on how people acquire health information and its effect on knowledge quality.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify health information sources used by individuals for various conditions.
- To examine the relationship between information sources and health knowledge quality.
- To analyze changes in information source usage and knowledge over time.
Main Methods:
- A longitudinal study surveyed 200 individuals across 12 time points (March-September 2020).
- Participants reported knowledge on viral and nonviral illnesses, information sources used, and trust in those sources.
- Health knowledge assessed included causes, risk factors, and preventative interventions.
Main Results:
- Information sources varied by illness type: emerging diseases (e.g., COVID-19) were researched via news media, government, and social media, while common illnesses (e.g., food allergies) were discussed with family, friends, and doctors.
- Social media use for COVID-19 information correlated with declining knowledge accuracy during the pandemic.
- A greater number of information sources positively correlated with higher health knowledge quality.
Conclusions:
- Individuals systematically choose different information sources based on the type of illness.
- The quantity of information sources utilized directly influences the quality of an individual's health knowledge.
- Future health information campaigns should consider illness-specific information-seeking behaviors for effective dissemination.
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