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Serum Calcium, Magnesium, and Phosphorus Levels in Patients with COVID-19: Relationships with Poor Outcome and

Juan J Díez1, Pedro Iglesias1, Agustín García2

  • 1Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Puerta de Hierro Segovia de Arana, Majadahonda, Spain.

Hormone and Metabolic Research = Hormon- Und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones Et Metabolisme
|August 23, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Serum corrected calcium (CorrCa) levels are a reliable indicator of poor outcomes in COVID-19 patients. This study found CorrCa, but not magnesium, significantly predicted the need for mechanical ventilation or ICU admission.

Area of Science:

  • Clinical Medicine
  • Biochemistry
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • COVID-19 infection can lead to severe complications requiring intensive care.
  • Electrolyte imbalances, including serum calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus, may influence COVID-19 patient outcomes.
  • Understanding predictors of severe COVID-19 is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between serum corrected calcium (CorrCa), magnesium (Mg), and phosphorus (P) levels and poor outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
  • To determine if these electrolyte levels can predict the need for mechanical ventilation, ICU admission, or in-hospital mortality.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 2473 adult COVID-19 patients hospitalized in 2020.
  • Defined poor outcome as requiring mechanical ventilation, ICU admission, or in-hospital mortality.
  • Utilized univariate and multivariate analyses to assess the relationship between electrolyte levels and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • In multivariate analysis, serum corrected calcium (CorrCa) was significantly associated with a reduced risk of mechanical ventilation (OR 0.19) and ICU admission (OR 0.25).
  • Magnesium levels showed a significant association with the need for mechanical ventilation and ICU admission in univariate analysis, but not in multivariate analysis.
  • Neither CorrCa nor Mg levels were significant predictors of in-hospital mortality in the multivariate analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Serum corrected calcium (CorrCa) is a simple and reliable marker for predicting poor outcomes in COVID-19 patients, specifically the need for mechanical ventilation and ICU admission.
  • CorrCa may not be a reliable predictor for in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the mechanisms linking CorrCa to COVID-19 severity.

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